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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of sports sciences. >Combination of gradual and rapid weight loss: effects on physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes.
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Combination of gradual and rapid weight loss: effects on physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes.

机译：逐步和快速减肥的结合：对柔道高水平运动员的身体表现和心理状态的影响。

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摘要

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a combination of gradual and rapid body mass loss on the physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes. Participants were divided into two groups: the experimental (diet) group needed to reduce body mass by 2-6%, whereas the control group did not need to lose body mass. Body mass, percentage of body fat, vertical jump, repetitions of judo movements, rowing with additional loads, and the Profile of Mood States were assessed at 4 weeks before a championship and again one day before the same championship. Compared with 4 weeks before the championship, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in body mass (-4 +/- 1.1%, P < 0.05), estimated body fat (-10 +/- 4.0%, P < 0.05), and judo movement repetitions over 30 s (-4.5 +/- 2.7, P < 0.05), and an increase in scores for confusion (-14.6 +/- 7.9, P < 0.05) and tension (-10.1 +/- 12.5, P < 0.05), but a decrease in vigour (11.3 +/- 8.5, P < 0.05), one day before the championship. There was no difference in squat jump or countermovement jump performance or in judo movement repetitions over 5 s. Our results show that for the experimental group some aspects of performance were impaired one day before a competition, but performance of judo movements over 5 s was not affected.
机译：本研究的目的是研究逐渐减轻体重和快速减重相结合对柔道运动员的体能和心理状态的影响。参加者分为两组：实验组（饮食组）需要将体重减轻2-6％，而对照组则不需要减轻体重。在锦标赛前的第4周和同一锦标赛前的第1天，对体重，体脂百分比，垂直跳动，柔道动作的重复，划船的附加负荷以及情绪状态的状况进行了评估。与锦标赛前4周相比，实验组的体重（-4 +/- 1.1％，P <0.05），估计的体脂（-10 +/- 4.0％，P <0.05）和柔道运动重复超过30 s（-4.5 +/- 2.7，P <0.05），混乱分数（-14.6 +/- 7.9，P <0.05）和紧张感（-10.1 +/- 12.5，P < 0.05），但在冠军赛前一天的活力下降（11.3 +/- 8.5，P <0.05）。蹲跳或反跳跳跃的性能或柔道运动重复5秒钟以上没有差异。我们的结果表明，对于实验组来说，比赛前一天的某些方面的表现受到了损害，但是柔道运动超过5 s的表现并未受到影响。

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