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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of studies on alcohol >Examining personality and alcohol expectancies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with adolescents.
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Examining personality and alcohol expectancies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with adolescents.

机译：使用青少年功能磁共振成像（fMRI）检查人格和酒精期望值。

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OBJECTIVE: Personality and alcohol expectancies have been examined as risk factors for the initiation and maintenance of alcohol use in adolescents and young adults. Differences in processing appetitive stimuli are seen as a mechanism for personality's influence on behavior, and that mechanism predisposes individuals to form more positive expectancies for alcohol. The goo-go task has been used to show how personality differences influence responding to appetitive stimuli in adolescents and adults, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to examine the relation of goo-go responding to personality in adult males. However, no study to date has examined the relation between fMRI responding, personality and alcohol expectancies in adolescents. METHOD: Forty-six adolescents (ages 12-14 years; 61% male) with minimal substance use histories completed measures of neuroticism, extraversion, and alcohol expectancies, and performed a goo-go task during fMRI acquisition. RESULTS: Greater blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response to inhibition predicted fewer expectancies of cognitive and motor improvements but more expectancies of cognitive and motor impairment from alcohol. In addition, extraverted youths reported more positive alcohol expectancies. However, BOLD response did not predict neuroticism or extraversion. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that decreased inhibitory neural processing may contribute to more positive and less negative expectancies, which can eventually lead to problem drinking. Further, extraversion may also yield more positive expectancies and could underlie a vulnerability to disordered alcohol use.
机译：目的：已经检查了人格和饮酒期望作为引发和维持青少年饮酒的危险因素。加工性刺激的差异被认为是人格对行为的影响的机制，并且该机制使个人容易形成更积极的酒精期望。 “执行/不执行”任务用于显示人格差异如何影响青少年和成年人对食欲刺激的反应，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）已用于检查“执行/不执行”与人格反应对人格的关系。成年男性。然而，迄今为止，尚无研究检查青少年功能磁共振成像反应，人格与酒精期望之间的关系。方法：四十六名青少年（年龄在12-14岁之间;男性占61％），使用药物的历史最少，可以完成神经质，外向性和酒精期望的测量，并在fMRI采集过程中执行通过/不通过任务。结果：对抑制作用的更高的血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）反应预测认知和运动功能改善的预期较少，而酒精引起的认知和运动功能障碍的预期较高。此外，性格外向的年轻人对酒精的期望值更高。但是，BOLD反应不能预测神经质或外向性。结论：这些初步结果表明，抑制性神经处理的减少可能有助于增加积极的预期和更少的消极预期，最终可能导致饮酒问题。此外，外向性也可能产生更多积极的期望，并可能成为酗酒的脆弱性的基础。

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