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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of studies on alcohol >Cue reactivity in adolescents: measurement of separate approach and avoidance reactions.
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Cue reactivity in adolescents: measurement of separate approach and avoidance reactions.

机译：青少年的提示反应性：单独的方法和避免反应的测量。

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OBJECTIVE: There were two specific goals for the current study: (1) to demonstrate that adolescents display drug-specific cue reactivity to alcohol and cigarette visual cues that varies based on drug-use history and (2) to test the unique contribution of adolescents' avoidance reactions to alcohol and cigarette cues, independent of approach/craving reaction. METHOD: Adolescents (N = 143; age 13-20 years; 58 males) with varied substance-use histories were recruited from school and community sites. Adolescents were presented with a series of alcohol, cigarette, and nondrug comparison visual cues and reported their approach/craving and avoidance reactions. They also completed individual difference measures related to their alcohol and cigarette use and experiences. RESULTS: When adolescents were grouped according to their current alcohol or cigarette use (no use, low use, high use), increased use of alcohol or cigarettes was associated with stronger reactions (increased approach, decreased avoidance) to cues for that substance but not to nondrug control cues. Simultaneous regression analyses demonstrated that after controlling for approach/craving reactions, avoidance cue reactions predicted unique and/or incremental variance in measures of alcohol and cigarette usage, recent change in patterns of use, alcohol expectancies, alcohol restraint and parental alcohol problems. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents displayed robust alcohol and cigarette cue-specific reactions that varied systematically with their current use of these drugs. Across numerous clinically relevant individual difference variables, predictive power was greatly enhanced through the inclusion of both avoidance and approach reactions.
机译：目的：本研究有两个具体目标：（1）证明青少年对酒精和香烟视觉提示的药物特异性提示反应性因吸毒史而异;（2）测试青少年的独特贡献避免对酒精和香烟提示的反应，与进近/渴望反应无关。方法：从学校和社区场所招募具有不同药物使用历史的青少年（N = 143;年龄13-20岁;男性58）。向青少年展示了一系列的酒精，香烟和非毒品比较视觉提示，并报告了他们的进近/渴望和回避反应。他们还完成了与酒精和香烟使用及经历有关的个体差异测量。结果：按照青少年当前的酒精或香烟使用量（不使用，少用，高使用量）对青少年进行分组时，酒精或香烟使用量的增加会对该物质的提示产生更强烈的反应（增加使用方法，减少回避），但并非如此非毒品控制线索。同时回归分析表明，在控制了进近/渴望反应之后，避免提示反应预测了酒精和香烟使用量度，最近使用方式的变化，酒精期望量，酒精克制和父母饮酒问题的独特和/或增量变化。结论：青少年表现出强烈的酒精和香烟提示特异性反应，随着他们目前使用这些药物而系统地变化。在众多临床相关的个体差异变量中，通过包含回避和进场反应，大大提高了预测能力。

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