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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. >Parent, family, and neighborhood effects on the development of child substance use and other psychopathology from preschool to the start of adulthood.
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Parent, family, and neighborhood effects on the development of child substance use and other psychopathology from preschool to the start of adulthood.

机译：从学龄前到成年开始，父母，家庭和邻里对儿童药物使用和其他心理病理学发展的影响。

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OBJECTIVE: We examined the long-term effects of childhood familial and neighborhood risk on adolescent substance use and psychiatric symptomatology. METHOD: This study used data from an ongoing 2-decade long study that recruited alcoholic and neighborhood control families through fathers' drunk-driving records and door-to-door canvassing in a four county area. The sample included 220 male, initially 3- to 5-year-old children of the participant families, who received in-home assessments at baseline and thereafter at 3-year intervals. Parental lifetime psychopathology and offspring symptomatology at ages 18-20 were assessed by semistructured diagnostic interviews. Census tract variables were used to indicate neighborhood characteristics. RESULTS: The isomorphic parental symptomatology predicted offspring psychopathology. For marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, and nicotine dependence, the other parental comorbidities were also significant predictors. Neighborhood residential instability in childhood contributed to the development of late adolescent alcohol-use disorder, marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and nicotine-dependence symptomatology. Although lower family socioeconomic status in childhood contributed to more adolescent marijuana-use disorder, major depressive disorder, and nicotine-dependence symptoms, neighborhood socioeconomic status did not predict adolescent psychopathology. Longitudinal changes in neighborhood environments from early childhood to adolescence had significant effects on alcohol-use disorder, marijuana-use disorder, and major depressive disorder symptoms in late adolescence. A higher frequency of family mobility from early childhood to adolescence predicted more nicotine-dependence symptoms in late adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that parental psychopathology, family socioeconomic status, and neighborhood residential instability are all important risk factors for the development of substance-use disorder and other comorbid psychopathology. Intervention programming might effectively use these early parental psychopathology indicators to identify risk and might target community activity to stabilize the social environment and provide youth services to counteract the effects of family transience.
机译：目的：我们研究了儿童家族和邻里风险对青少年物质使用和精神症状的长期影响。方法：本研究使用了一项正在进行的为期2年的长期研究的数据，该研究通过父亲在4个县地区的酒后驾车记录和挨家挨户的拉票招募了酗酒和邻里控制家庭。样本包括参与家庭的220名男性，最初是3至5岁的孩子，他们在基线时接受了家庭评估，此后每隔3年接受一次评估。通过半结构诊断访谈评估了18-20岁的父母一生的心理病理学和后代症状。人口普查区变量用于指示邻里特征。结果：同形的父母症状预测了后代的心理病理。对于大麻使用疾病，重性抑郁症和尼古丁依赖性，其他父母合并症也是重要的预测指标。儿童时期的邻里居住不稳定导致青少年晚期酒精滥用，大麻滥用，重度抑郁症，反社会人格障碍和尼古丁依赖症状的发展。尽管儿童时期家庭社会经济地位较低是导致青少年使用大麻，重度抑郁症和尼古丁依赖症状增加的原因，但是邻里社会经济状况并未预测青少年的心理病理学。从儿童早期到青春期附近环境的纵向变化对青春期晚期的酒精使用障碍，大麻使用障碍和主要的抑郁症症状有重大影响。从儿童早期到青春期家庭流动的频率越高，预示青春期后期的尼古丁依赖性症状就越多。结论：研究结果表明，父母的心理病理学，家庭社会经济地位以及邻里居住的不稳定性都是导致药物滥用和其他共病心理疾病发展的重要危险因素。干预规划可能有效地利用这些早期父母的心理病理学指标来识别风险，并可能针对社区活动以稳定社会环境并提供青年服务以抵消家庭短暂性的影响。

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