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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics >Metabolism and breast cancer risk: frontiers in research and practice.
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Metabolism and breast cancer risk: frontiers in research and practice.

机译：代谢和乳腺癌风险：研究和实践的前沿。

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摘要

Fifty years ago the causes of cancer were largely unknown. Since then, it has become clear that a strong relationship exists between obesity and many cancers, particularly postmenopausal breast cancer. A major challenge in understanding the link between obesity and cancer risk has been elucidating the biological basis underlying the association. Although this remains unresolved, the main candidate systems linking adiposity and cancer risk are insulin and the insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, endogenous reproductive hormones, and chronic inflammation. Our purpose is to provide a mechanistic overview of the hypothesized relationship between diet, physical activity, and obesity with breast cancer risk and progression. In addition, we will provide examples of recently funded randomized clinical trials examining metabolic risk factors in relation to breast cancer risk and survival. Additional research is warranted to validate the strength and consistency of the relationships among diet, these biomarkers, and breast cancer risk. As these relationships become clearer, future studies will be needed to develop effective intervention programs to prevent breast cancer and improve cancer prognosis by promoting a healthy lifestyle
机译：五十年前，癌症的起因很大程度上未知。从那时起，很明显，肥胖与许多癌症（尤其是绝经后乳腺癌）之间存在着密切的关系。理解肥胖与癌症风险之间的联系的一项主要挑战是阐明该关联的生物学基础。尽管仍未解决，但将肥胖和癌症风险联系起来的主要候选系统是胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子-1轴，内源性生殖激素和慢性炎症。我们的目的是对饮食，身体活动和肥胖与乳腺癌风险和进展之间的假设关系进行机械性概述。此外，我们将提供最近资助的随机临床试验的实例，这些试验研究与乳腺癌风险和生存相关的代谢风险因素。有必要进行额外的研究来验证饮食，这些生物标志物和乳腺癌风险之间关系的强度和一致性。随着这些关系变得更加清晰，将需要进行进一步的研究以开发有效的干预计划，以通过促进健康的生活方式来预防乳腺癌和改善癌症的预后。

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