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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA >Consumers' perceptions about risk of and access to nonprescription medications.
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Consumers' perceptions about risk of and access to nonprescription medications.

机译：消费者对非处方药的风险和使用的看法。

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OBJECTIVES: To examine how consumers balance the principles of safety with regulatory access to pharmaceuticals and to identify respondent characteristics, including prior misuse of nonprescription medications, that are associated with a preference for nonprescription status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey within-subject attitudinal analysis. SETTING: Large midwestern metropolitan region of the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 553 members of the general public. INTERVENTIONS: Anonymous self-administered surveys with hypothetical vignettes in which a heartburn or antihypertensive drug could be available without a prescription but in doing so would entail an increased risk (1/100,000, 1/10,000, or 1/1,000 chance of heart attack) to the user that would not be present with the medical care afforded by prescription drug status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Proportion of respondents preferring nonprescription availability. RESULTS: Overall, 33%, 19%, and 11% of respondents preferred nonprescription availability when the additional risks of a heart attack with nonprescription availability were 1/100,000, 1/10,000, and 1/1,000, respectively. Risk tolerance did not differ between the heartburn and antihypertensive vignettes. Although preference for nonprescription status was significantly greater among respondents who were men (42% versus 28%) and white (42% versus 32%), and a statistical trend was evident among respondents with higher self-reported health (37% versus 27%) and a college education (36% versus 28%), most of these differences did not persist on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: A substantial minority of the public appears willing to accept considerable risk to gain greater access to pharmaceuticals. Heterogeneity among the general public with regard to how safety and access to nonprescription medications should be balanced challenges policy makers working to design responsive yet appropriate regulatory policies.
机译：目的：研究消费者如何在安全性原则与法规获取药品之间取得平衡，并确定响应者的特征，包括先前对非处方药的滥用，这些特征与对非处方药状态的偏爱有关。设计：横断面调查对象内态度分析。地点：美国中西部大城市地区。参与者：553名普通市民的便利样本。干预措施：使用假设的渐晕线进行的匿名自我管理调查，其中无处方即可使用烧心药或降压药，但这样做会增加风险（1 / 100,000、1 / 10,000或1 / 1,000的心脏病发作几率）不会给用户带来处方药状态所提供的医疗服务。主要观察指标：偏爱非处方药的受访者比例。结果：总体而言，当具有非处方药可用性的心脏病发作的额外风险分别为1 / 100,000、1 / 10,000和1 / 1,000时，33％，19％和11％的受访者更喜欢非处方药可用性。胃灼热和降压型晕厥的风险承受能力没有差异。尽管男性（42％对28％）和白人（42％对32％）的受访者对非处方状态的偏爱显着更高，并且自我报告健康状况较高的受访者（37％对27％）的统计趋势明显）和大专以上学历（36％比28％），大多数差异在多变量分析中并未持续。结论：绝大多数公众似乎愿意承担更大的风险以获取更多的药品。在如何平衡安全性和获取非处方药的途径之间，普通大众之间的异质性给决策者们提出了挑战，他们需要努力设计出反应迅速而又适当的监管政策。

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