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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science >Effect of fall defoliation and spring shading on shoot carbohydrate and growth parameters among individual branches of alternate bearing 'Kerman' pistachio trees.
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Effect of fall defoliation and spring shading on shoot carbohydrate and growth parameters among individual branches of alternate bearing 'Kerman' pistachio trees.

机译：秋季落叶和春季遮荫对备用荷叶开心果树各个枝条中枝条碳水化合物和生长参数的影响。

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摘要

Early autumn (September) defoliation and late spring (early June) shading of "off" and "on" pistachio trees in Winters, California, USA, were used to test 2 hypotheses: (1) that autumn defoliation would reduce carbohydrate storage sufficiently to suppress spring growth and (2) that spring shading would reduce carbohydrate status and increase inflorescence bud abscission. Defoliation suppressed initial leaf area expansion the following spring on current year shoots of "off" but not "on" trees. Suppression of leaf expansion was correlated with the initial low concentration of carbohydrates in organs of individual branches of the tree. Fruiting and artificial shading in June had more dramatic effects on growth parameters than defoliating. Shading "off" trees for 14 days in early June accelerated abscission of inflorescence buds and reduced dry mass of individual leaves, buds, current year and 1-year-old shoots. Shading also reduced the concentration of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) of these organs in "off" and "on" trees. Fruiting suppressed leaf size and leaf dry mass by 20 and 30% among individual branches of undefoliated and defoliated trees, respectively. Low carbohydrate concentrations in individual branches and inflorescence buds following shading were closely correlated with the abscission of inflorescence buds.
机译：美国加利福尼亚州温特斯的“关闭”和“开”开心果树的早秋（9月）脱叶和晚春（6月初）的阴影用于检验2个假设：（1）秋脱叶将充分减少碳水化合物的储存，抑制春季生长;（2）春季遮光会降低碳水化合物状况并增加花序芽脱落。落叶抑制了次年春季的当年新芽“脱落”而不是“脱落”的初生叶面积的扩大。叶片膨胀的抑制与树的单个分支器官中碳水化合物的初始低浓度有关。 6月的结果和人工遮荫对生长参数的影响要大于对落叶的影响。 6月初遮盖掉14天的“树”加速了花序芽的脱落，并降低了单叶，芽，当年和1岁新芽的干重。遮蔽还降低了“离”树和“离”树中这些器官的总非结构性碳水化合物（TNC）的浓度。结果使未落叶树和落叶树的各个分支中的叶子大小和叶片干重分别减少了20％和30％。遮荫后单个枝和花序芽中低碳水化合物的含量与花序芽的脱落密切相关。

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