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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Inattention and hyperactivity predict alterations in specific neural circuits among 6-year-old boys
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Inattention and hyperactivity predict alterations in specific neural circuits among 6-year-old boys

机译：注意力不集中和多动会预测6岁男孩特定神经回路的改变

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摘要

Objective: Assessment of inattention and hyperactivity in preschoolers is highly dependent upon parental reports. Such reports are compromised by parental attitudes and mental health. Our study aimed to examine associations of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity from maternal reports on the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) with brain morphology assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 6-year-old boys. Method: Large deformation diffeomorphic metric brain mapping was used to assess brain morphology on MRI and DTI in 96 six-year-old boys, including cortical thickness, subcortical shapes, and fractional anisotropy (FA) of deep white matter tracts (DWMTs). Linear regression examined associations between these measures of brain structures and mothers' CPRS ratings of their child's inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Results: Our results revealed that temporal and parietal cortices, as well as posterior white matter and callosal tracts are associated with inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms among six-year-old boys. Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms share common neural circuits, but hyperactivity/impulsivity ratings associate with more extensive cortical areas, such as frontal regions, and with white matter tracts emphasizing executive control. There were no associations detected between inattention (or hyperactivity/impulsivity) and the shape of subcortical structures. Conclusions: Our results suggested specific rather than widespread neural circuits involved in inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity in young children, which is congruent with existing findings in older children and adolescents, and in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Hence, our study supported the dimensional view of ADHD, that is, that symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity lie on a continuum.
机译：目的：评估学龄前儿童的注意力不集中和过度活跃在很大程度上取决于父母的报告。这种报告受到父母态度和心理健康的影响。我们的研究旨在检查来自Conners父母评分量表（CPRS）的母体报告中注意力不集中和活动过度/冲动与6岁儿童使用结构磁共振成像（MRI）和扩散张量成像（DTI）评估的脑形态的关系。男孩们方法：采用大形变态计量学脑成像技术，对96名六岁男孩的MRI和DTI进行脑形态学评估，包括皮质厚度，皮质下形状和深部白质束（DWMT）的分数各向异性（FA）。线性回归分析了这些大脑结构指标与母亲对孩子注意力不集中和过度活跃/冲动的CPRS评分之间的关​​联。结果：我们的结果显示，六岁男孩的颞叶和顶叶皮层以及后白质和call道与注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状有关。注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状共享共同的神经回路，但多动/冲动等级与更广泛的皮质区域（如额叶区域）以及强调执行控制的白质束相关。在注意力不集中（或活动过度/冲动）与皮层下结构的形状之间未发现关联。结论：我们的研究结果表明，与幼儿注意力不集中和多动/冲动有关的特定而不是广泛的神经回路，与年龄较大的儿童和青少年以及患有注意力缺陷/多动症（ADHD）的成年人的现有发现相吻合。因此，我们的研究支持多动症的维度观点，即注意力不集中和活动过度/冲动的症状是连续的。

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