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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >A risk-taking 'set' in a novel task among adolescents with serious conduct and substance problems.
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A risk-taking 'set' in a novel task among adolescents with serious conduct and substance problems.

机译：在行为和物质有严重问题的青少年中，冒险是“一项新的任务”。

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OBJECTIVE: Adolescent patients' conduct disorder and substance use disorder symptoms are "risky behaviors" with unpredictable rewards and punishments. The authors asked whether such youths also take excessive risks in new situations without prior learning, peer pressure, or intoxication. METHOD: Subjects were 20 adolescent patients in a program treating conduct disorder and substance use disorder and 20 controls. All were substance free > or =7 days; underwent substance-related, psychological, and social assessments; and performed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task: mouse presses inflated a computerized "balloon" image, each press earning 1 cent. The 30 balloons "popped" at unpredictable sizes; earnings from popped balloons were lost. A "Collect" response saved current earnings and advanced to the next balloon. RESULTS: Mean number of inflating presses: patients, 1021 and controls, 705 (p = .001); group differences were stable from the task's beginning. Mean inflating presses before a "collect" response: patients, 38.6 and controls, 24.0 (p = .0005). Mean balloons popped: patients, 9.8 and controls, 6.3 (p = .001). Patients (versus controls) reported more aggressiveness and substance use and perceived less risk from substances. Patients' responses were significantly slower than those of controls. CONCLUSIONS: From the beginning of this novel task, conduct disorder and substance use disorder patients (compared with controls) took more risks, indicating an initial risk-taking propensity, although patients' slower responses argued against impulsive, thoughtless
机译：目的：青少年患者的品行障碍和物质使用障碍症状是“危险行为”，具有不可预知的奖惩。作者问这些年轻人在没有事先学习，同伴压力或陶醉的情况下是否在新情况下也冒着过多的风险。方法：受试者为治疗行为障碍和物质使用障碍的程序中的20名青少年患者和20名对照。全部无物质>或= 7天;进行了与物质有关的，心理和社会评估;并执行了气球模拟风险任务：鼠标按下会放大计算机化的“气球”图像，每次点击可赚1美分。 30个气球以无法预测的大小“弹出”;爆破气球带来的收入损失了。 “收集”响应节省了当前收入，并前进到下一个气球。结果：平均充气机数量：患者，1021名，对照组，705名（p = .001）;从任务开始，小组差异就稳定了。 “收集”响应之前的平均充气压力：患者38.6，对照组24.0（p = .0005）。平均气球弹出：患者9.8，对照组6.3（p = .001）。患者（相对于对照组）报告说，他们的攻击性和药物使用率更高，并且感觉到的物质风险更低。患者的反应明显慢于对照组。结论：从这项新任务的开始，行为障碍和药物滥用障碍患者（与对照组相比）承担了更高的风险，这表明存在冒险的初期倾向，尽管患者反应较慢表示对冲动，不加思索

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