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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Effects of Methylphenidate Treatment in Children With Mental Retardation and ADHD: Individual Variation in Medication Response.
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Effects of Methylphenidate Treatment in Children With Mental Retardation and ADHD: Individual Variation in Medication Response.

机译：哌醋甲酯治疗对智障和多动症儿童的影响：药物反应的个体差异。

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摘要

OBJECTIVE:: Individual variation in cognitive and behavioral response to methylphenidate (MPH) was investigated in children with mental retardation and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. METHOD:: Twenty-four children (mean age 10.9 years, SD = 2.4) participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial with 0.15-, 0.30-, and 0.60-mg/kg b.i.d. doses of MPH. Parent and teacher behavioral ratings, as well as cognitive task performance, were assessed at each dose. RESULTS:: Relative to placebo, most children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation showed some degree of behavioral and cognitive improvement with MPH treatment. However, fewer of these children made substantial gains (>30% improvement, relative to placebo) with MPH treatment. At the highest dose, 55% of the children showed substantial behavioral gains and 46% made substantial gains in cognitive task performance. However, there was substantial independence between changes in behavior and changes in cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS:: At the 0.60-mg/kg MPH dose, more children showed substantial cognitive and behavioral gains than those who showed substantial declines in a ratio of more than 5:1. However, it may be prudent to assess cognitive change as well as behavioral effects because improvements in the former do not necessarily forecast improvements in the latter in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation.
机译：目的：研究了智力低下和注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童的认知行为反应对哌醋甲酯（MPH）的个体差异。方法：24名儿童（平均年龄10.9岁，SD = 2.4）参加了安慰剂对照，双盲，交叉试验，试验剂量分别为0.15、0.30和0.60 mg / kg b.i.d.剂量的MPH。在每个剂量下评估父母和老师的行为等级以及认知任务表现。结果：与安慰剂相比，大多数患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍和智力低下的儿童在MPH治疗下表现出一定程度的行为和认知改善。然而，通过MPH治疗，这些儿童中获得实质性收益（相对于安慰剂而言，改善了30％以上）的儿童较少。在最高剂量下，55％的儿童表现出可观的行为改善，46％的儿童在认知任务表现上获得可观的改善。但是，行为变化和认知表现变化之间存在很大的独立性。结论：在0.60 mg / kg MPH剂量下，比那些以5：1以上的比率显着下降的儿童表现出明显的认知和行为改善。但是，评估认知变化以及行为影响可能是谨慎的，因为前者的改善并不一定能预测患有注意力缺陷/多动症和智力低下的儿童后者的改善。

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