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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences >SURFACE SOLAR RADIATION FLUX AND CLOUD RADIATIVE FORCING FOR THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION MEASUREMENT (ARM) SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS (SGP) - A SATELLITE, SURFACE OBSERVATIONS, AND RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODEL STUDY
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SURFACE SOLAR RADIATION FLUX AND CLOUD RADIATIVE FORCING FOR THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION MEASUREMENT (ARM) SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS (SGP) - A SATELLITE, SURFACE OBSERVATIONS, AND RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODEL STUDY

机译：南部大平原（SGP）大气辐射测量（ARM）的表面太阳辐射通量和云辐射强迫-卫星，表面观测和辐射传输模型研究

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This study presents surface solar radiation flux and cloud radiative forcing results obtained by using a combination of satellite and surface observations interpreted by means of a simple plane-parallel radiative transfer model called 2001. This model, a revised Version of a model initially introduced by Gautier et al., relates calibrated radiance observations from space to incoming surface solar flux. After a description of the model, an evaluation is presented by comparison with a more complex model that the authors have developed, the Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer model (SBDART) based on the discrete ordinate model of Stamnes el al. This evaluation demonstrates this model's accuracy for instantaneous surface flux when used to retrieve daily (and monthly) surface solar flux. Limitations related to its lack of treatment of the bidirectional reflectance properties of clouds are also discussed and quantified by comparison with SBDART for instantaneous surface solar flux retrievals. The influence of satellite sensor calibration uncertainty is also examined in terms of surface solar flux. The model has been applied to hourly GOES data collected over the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's central cloud and radiation testbed site in Oklahoma during a 14-month period to estimate hourly, daily, and monthly surface solar radiation flux. Comparisons of the model's results with surface measurements made from pyranometers located at the ARM site indicate good overall agreement. The best results are obtained for daily integrated clear skies with an rms error less than 10 W m(-2) (or about 3% of the mean value) and a 2.8 W m(-2) bias. These results indicate that the clear sky model is quite accurate and also that the threshold-based technique to detect cloudy conditions works well for the resolution of the satellite data used in this study. For partly cloudy conditions the comparisons show an rms error of about 20. W m(-2) (or less than 7% of the mean) and a -2.5 W m(-2) bias. The performance of the model degrades with cloud cover conditions with an rms error of 22 W m(-2) (or 13% of the mean) and a bias df 13.9 W m(-2) for overcast conditions. The results improve considerably for monthly average values with an rms error of about 11 W m(-2) (or 4% of the mean) and a bias of 2.6 W m(-2) for all conditions. The model has also been used to evaluate the cloud radiative forcing at the surface and results indicate large values of forcing for the spring and summer reaching daily values over 200 W m(-2) in May. [References: 34]
机译：这项研究展示了通过结合卫星观测和地面观测获得的地表太阳辐射通量和云辐射强迫结果，该观测结果通过简单的平面平行辐射传递模型（称为2001）进行解释。该模型是Gautier最初引入的模型的修订版等人，从空间到入射表面太阳通量的校准辐射观测。在对模型进行描述之后，通过与作者开发的更复杂的模型（基于Stamnes等人的离散纵坐标模型）建立的圣塔芭芭拉DISORT大气辐射传输模型（SBDART）进行比较，提出了一种评估方法。该评估证明了该模型用于检索每日（和每月）表面太阳通量的瞬时表面通量的准确性。还讨论了与缺乏对云的双向反射特性的处理有关的局限性，并通过与SBDART进行瞬时表面太阳通量反演的比较来对其进行了量化。还根据表面太阳通量来检查卫星传感器校准不确定性的影响。该模型已应用于在俄克拉荷马州的大气辐射测量（ARM）程序的中央云和辐射测试台站点上在14个月内收集的每小时GOES数据，以估计每小时，每天和每月的表面太阳辐射通量。将模型结果与位于ARM站点的日射强度计进行的表面测量结果进行比较表明，总体一致性良好。对于每天均方根晴朗的天空，均方根误差小于10 W m（-2）（或平均值的约3％）且偏差为2.8 W m（-2）可获得最佳结果。这些结果表明，晴朗的天空模型非常准确，并且基于阈值的检测多云条件的技术对于本研究中使用的卫星数据的分辨率效果很好。对于部分多云的条件，比较结果显示均方根误差约为20 W m（-2）（或小于平均值的7％），偏差为-2.5 W m（-2）。该模型的性能随云量覆盖条件而下降，均方根误差为22 W m（-2）（或平均值的13％），阴天条件下的偏差df为13.9 W m（-2）。对于每月平均值，结果显着提高，在所有条件下均方根误差均方根误差约为11 W m（-2）（或平均值的4％），偏差为2.6 W m（-2）。该模型还用于评估表面的云辐射强迫，结果表明，春季和夏季的强迫值很大，5月达到每日超过200 W m（-2）的值。 [参考：34]

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