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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences >A potential vorticity diagnostic approach to upper-level frontogenesis within a developing baroclinic wave
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A potential vorticity diagnostic approach to upper-level frontogenesis within a developing baroclinic wave

机译：斜压波发展中高层锋生的潜在涡度诊断方法

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The process of tropopause folding is studied in the context of the life cycle of baroclinic waves. Previous studies of upper-level frontogenesis have emphasized the role of the vertical circulation in driving stratospheric air down into the midtroposphere. Here, a potential vorticity-based approach is adopted that focuses on the generation of a folded tropopause. To facilitate comparison of the two approaches, the diagnosis is applied to the upper-level front previously simulated and studied by Rotunno et al. The potential vorticity approach clarifies the primary role played by the horizontal nondivergent wind in producing a fold and explains why folding should be a common aspect of baroclinic development. Between the trough and upstream ridge, prolonged subsidence within a region of weak system-relative flow generates a tropopause depression oriented at an angle to the large-scale flow. The large-scale vertical shear then locally increases the slope of the tropopause, eventually leading to a tropopause fold. In contrast, tropopause folding in the base of the trough is caused by the nondivergent cyclonic circulation associated with the surface thermal wave. The winds associated with the thermal wave amplify the potential vorticity wave aloft, and these winds, which decrease with height, rapidly generate a tropopause fold within the trough. [References: 44]
机译：在斜压波生命周期的背景下研究了对流层顶折叠的过程。先前有关高层前生的研究强调了垂直循环在将平流层空气向下推进对流层中的作用。在这里，采用了一种潜在的基于涡度的方法，该方法着重于折叠对流层顶的产生。为了便于比较这两种方法，将诊断应用于Rotunno等人先前模拟和研究的高层战线。潜在的涡度方法阐明了水平非发散风在产生褶皱中的主要作用，并解释了为什么褶皱应该是斜压发育的常见方面。在低谷和上游山脊之间，在系统相对流动较弱的区域内长时间沉陷会产生对流层顶凹陷，其方向与大规模流动成一定角度。然后，大规模的垂直剪切局部增加了对流层顶的斜率，最终导致对流层顶褶皱。相反，在波谷底部的对流层顶褶皱是由与表面热波有关的非发散旋风循环引起的。与热波相关的风在高处放大了潜在的涡度波，这些风随高度减小而在槽内迅速产生对流层顶褶皱。 [参考：44]

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