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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS >Auditory Vigilance and Working Memory in Youth at Familial Risk for Schizophrenia or Affective Psychosis in the Harvard Adolescent Family High Risk Study
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Auditory Vigilance and Working Memory in Youth at Familial Risk for Schizophrenia or Affective Psychosis in the Harvard Adolescent Family High Risk Study

机译：哈佛大学青少年家庭高风险研究的精神分裂症或情感性精神病家族风险青年的听觉警觉和工作记忆

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Background: The degree of overlap between schizophrenia (SCZ) and affective psychosis (AFF) has been a recurring question since Kraepelin's subdivision of the major psychoses. Studying nonpsychotic relatives allows a comparison of disorder-associated phenotypes, without potential confounds that can obscure distinctive features of the disorder. Because attention and working memory have been proposed as potential endophenotypes for SCZ and AFF, we compared these cognitive features in individuals at familial high-risk (FHR) for the disorders. Methods: Young, unmedicated, first-degree relatives (ages, 13-25 years) at FHR-SCZ (n=41) and FHR-AFF (n=24) and community controls (CCs, n=54) were tested using attention and working memory versions of the Auditory Continuous Performance Test. To determine if schizotypal traits or current psychopathology accounted for cognitive deficits, we evaluated psychosis proneness using three Chapman Scales, Revised Physical Anhedonia, Perceptual Aberration, and Magical Ideation, and assessed psychopathology using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist -90 Revised. Results: Compared to controls, the FHR-AFF sample was significantly impaired in auditory vigilance, while the FHR-SCZ sample was significantly worse in working memory. Both FHR groups showed significantly higher levels of physical anhedonia and some psychopathological dimensions than controls. Adjusting for physical anhedonia, phobic anxiety, depression, psychoticism, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms eliminated the FHR-AFF vigilance effects but not the working memory deficits in FHR-SCZ. Conclusions: The working memory deficit in FHR-SZ was the more robust of the cognitive impairments after accounting for psychopathological confounds and is supported as an endophenotype. Examination of larger samples of people at familial risk for different psychoses remains necessary to confirm these findings and to clarify the role of vigilance in FHR-AFF.
机译：背景：自从Kraepelin细分主要精神病以来，精神分裂症（SCZ）和情感性精神病（AFF）之间的重叠程度一直是一个反复出现的问题。对非精神病性亲戚的研究允许比较与疾病相关的表型，而没有可能混淆疾病独特特征的潜在混淆。因为注意力和工作记忆已被提议作为SCZ和AFF的潜在内表型，所以我们比较了家族性高危（FHR）患病个体的这些认知特征。方法：对FHR-SCZ（n = 41）和FHR-AFF（n = 24）以及社区对照（CCs，n = 54）的年轻无药一级亲属（年龄13-25岁）进行了测试。和听觉连续性能测试的工作记忆版本。为了确定精神分裂症特征或当前的精神病理学是否是认知功能障碍的原因，我们使用了三种查普曼量表，修订的身体性快感缺乏症，知觉像差和魔术思维来评估精神病倾向性，并使用霍普金斯症状清单-90修订版评估了精神病理学。结果：与对照组相比，FHR-AFF样品的听觉警觉性显着受损，而FHR-SCZ样品的工作记忆显着更差。两组FHR均显示出明显高于对照组的身体性快感缺乏症和某些心理病理方面的症状。调整身体性快感，恐惧症，抑郁，精神病和强迫症会消除FHR-AFF的警惕性，但不能消除FHR-SCZ的工作记忆缺陷。结论：FHR-SZ的工作记忆缺陷在考虑了心理病理学混杂因素后，对认知功能障碍的抵抗力更强，并且可以作为内表型得到支持。为了确认这些发现并阐明保持警惕在FHR-AFF中的作用，仍然有必要对较大的具有不同精神病家族风险的人群进行检查。

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