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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior >DELAYED REINFORCEMENT AND FIXED-RATIO PERFORMANCE
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DELAYED REINFORCEMENT AND FIXED-RATIO PERFORMANCE

机译：延迟钢筋和固定比率性能

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摘要

Effects of delayed reinforcement on fixed-ratio (FR) maintained responding of pigeons were investigated. In Experiments 1-3, the delay of reinforcement was increased across successive sessions until pigeons paused for 300 s. Both signaled and unsignaled delays were studied across different conditions. Overall response rates and run rates (timed from the first to last response of a ratio) decreased and postreinforcement pauses increased as delays increased in each experiment. As delays increased, the likelihood of pausing during a ratio run also increased. When these measures were plotted as a function of obtained delays, signaled delays had less of an effect on the above measures than did unsignaled ones. In Experiment 2, delays had a greater effect on the above measures than did a control condition arranging equivalent interreinforcer intervals to those accompanying the delays. Experiments 3 and 4 examined the generality of the effects obtained in the first two experiments. In Experiment 3, delays imposed on FR or yoked-interval schedules had similar behavioral effects. In Experiment 4, effects similar to those found in Experiments 1-3 for 1, 10, and 20-s delays imposed on FR 50 schedules were found when the FR requirement increased across sessions. Despite the different contingencies relating response rate and reinforcement rates on interval and ratio schedules, delays of reinforcement generally affect performance on these schedules similarly.
机译：研究了延迟补给对鸽子固定比率（FR）维持应答的影响。在实验1-3中，补强的延迟在连续的训练中增加了，直到鸽子停顿了300 s。在不同条件下都研究了信号延迟和无信号延迟。随着每个实验中延迟时间的增加，总体响应率和运行速度（从比率的第一个响应到最后一个响应的时间）降低，而后补强暂停时间增加。随着延迟的增加，比率运行期间暂停的可能性也增加了。当将这些测度绘制为获得的延迟的函数时，信号延迟对上述测度的影响要小于无信号延迟。在实验2中，延迟对上述措施的影响要比对照条件（将等效的钢筋间间隔安排为与延迟所伴随的间隔）相等。实验3和4检验了前两个实验中获得的效果的一般性。在实验3中，对FR或限制时间间隔计划施加的延迟具有类似的行为影响。在实验4中，当跨阶段的FR需求增加时，发现类似于对FR 50计划施加1、10和20秒延迟的实验1-3中发现的效果。尽管在间隔和比率计划中，有关响应率和强化率的意外事件不同，但强化的延迟通常会类似地影响这些进度表的性能。

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