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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior >Effects of acute and chronic morphine on delay discounting in pigeons
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Effects of acute and chronic morphine on delay discounting in pigeons

机译：急慢性吗啡对鸽子延迟贴现的影响

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When reinforcers of different magnitudes are concurrently available, choice is greater for a large reinforcer; that choice can be reduced by delaying its delivery, a phenomenon called delay discounting and represented graphically by a delay curve in which choice is plotted as a function of delay to the large reinforcer. Morphine, administered acutely, can alter responding for large, delayed reinforcers. In this study, the impact of morphine tolerance, dependence and withdrawal on choice of delayed reinforcers was examined in six pigeons responding to receive a small amount of food delivered immediately or a larger amount delivered immediately or after delays that increased within sessions. Acutely, morphine decreased responding for the large reinforcer, and the effect was greater when morphine was administered immediately, rather than 6 hr, before sessions. During 8 weeks of daily administration, morphine produced differential effects across pigeons, shifting the delay curve downward in some and upward in others. In all pigeons, tolerance developed to the response-rate-decreasing effects of morphine but not to its effects on delay discounting. When chronic morphine treatment was discontinued, rate of responding decreased in four pigeons, indicating the emergence of withdrawal; choice of the large reinforcer increased, regardless of delay, in all pigeons, an effect that persisted for weeks. These data suggest that chronic morphine administration has long-lasting effects on choice behavior, which might impact vulnerability to relapse in opioid abusers.
机译：当同时提供不同大小的增强器时，大型增强器的选择更大;这种选择可以通过延迟交付而减少，这种现象称为延迟折扣，并通过延迟曲线以图形方式表示，在该曲线中，将选择作为延迟函数绘制到大型增强件上。急性给予的吗啡可以改变对大型延迟补强药的反应。在这项研究中，对六只鸽子的反应进行了研究，研究了吗啡耐受性，依赖性和戒断对延迟强化剂选择的影响，这些鸽子接受了立即送出的少量食物，或立即送出的大量食物或在会议期间增加的延迟后送出的食物。急性地，吗啡对大剂量补强剂的反应降低了，当立即使用吗啡而不是在疗程前的6个小时施用时，其效果更大。在每天给药的8周内，吗啡对鸽子产生了不同的作用，使延迟曲线在某些情况下向下移动，在其他情况下向上移动。在所有鸽子中，对吗啡的响应速度降低作用均产生耐受性，但对延迟贴现的作用并未产生耐受性。停用慢性吗啡治疗后，四只鸽子的反应率降低，表明出现戒断症状;不管延迟如何，所有鸽子都选择大的补强剂，这种效果持续了数周之久。这些数据表明，长期服用吗啡对选择行为具有长期影响，这可能会影响阿片类药物滥用者复发的脆弱性。

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