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Utilization and Treatment of Phenol-Formaldehyde and Ammonia Liquors

机译：苯酚甲醛和氨气的利用与处理

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摘要

The utilization of phenol-formaldehyde and ammonia liquors for quenching the incandescent coke cake, which has been adopted in world practice, does not provide the neutralization (detoxication) of phenols and formaldehydes and also of cyanides and thiocyanates because of the low temperature and reducing atmosphere in the coke quenching chamber. The emission of phenols, formaldehydes and cyanides into the atmosphere results in the pollution of the air, soil and water basins over the radius of 40 km, rendering the locality carcinogenic [1]. The quality of coke being quenched by phenol liquors is impaired due to oiling and overmoistening, which is responsible for its overconsumption in the blast-furnace process up to 5 kg/metric ton of pig iron.The biochemical purification of phenol-formaldehyde and ammonia liquors used in world practice makes it possible to significantly lower the content of harmful substances in sewage, but their residual concentration exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 500-1000 times. The formaldehydes contained in waste waters are far from being rendered harmless upon biochemical purification; they are discharged into water bodies, which become polluted.
机译：由于低温和还原性气氛，在世界范围内采用的酚-甲醛和氨液用于淬灭白炽焦炭饼，不能提供酚和甲醛以及氰化物和硫氰酸盐的中和（脱毒）作用。在焦炭淬火室中。苯酚，甲醛和氰化物向大气中的排放导致半径40 km以上的空气，土壤和水盆的污染，致使该地区致癌[1]。由于上油和过度润湿，被酚类液体淬灭的焦炭的质量会受到损害，这是其在高炉工艺中消耗高达5千克/公吨生铁的过量消耗的原因。苯酚甲醛和氨酒的生化纯化在世界范围内使用时，可以显着降低污水中有害物质的含量，但其残留浓度超过最大允许浓度的500-1000倍。废水中所含的甲醛在经过生化纯化后远未变得无害。它们被排入水体，从而受到污染。

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