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Requirements for the Quality of Carbonaceous Reducing Agents for Ore Electrothermic Processes

机译：矿石电热法碳还原剂质量要求

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The industrial processes of ore electrothermics are known to include the manufacture of ferroalloys in electric arc furnaces, metallic silicon, phosphorus and calcium carbide. The reducing agent (reductant) used in Russian plants is nut coke and for ferroalloy manufacture use is made of its mix with Angarsk and Leninsk-Kuznetsk semicokes with a small amount of hard coals. For the manufacture of silicon use is made of charcoal and pitch and petroleum cokes. The demand for reducing agents is very high. In the USSR in the 1980s the demand was about 5 million metric tons per year. The processes of ore electrothermics are power-consuming processes: from 2800 kWhr per 1 metric ton of calcium carbide to 15,000 kWhr per 1 metric ton of phosphorus. The consumption of the raw material and electric power and also the quality of products depend, to a considerable extent, on the quality of the reducing agent, which does not meet the consumers' requirements in all cases.The high efficiency of investigations aimed at improving the quality of reducing agents is illustrated by the implementation of scientific developments with a view to utilizing highly active semicoke with increased electric resistivity produced from long-flame coals [1-3]. In the manufacture of silicon alloys there have been saved billions of kilowatt-hours of electric power; the quality of alloys was upgraded and their production increased.
机译：已知矿石热电学的工业过程包括在电弧炉中生产铁合金，金属硅，磷和碳化钙。在俄罗斯工厂中使用的还原剂（还原剂）是坚果焦炭，用于铁合金制造时是将其与安加尔斯克和列宁斯克-库兹涅茨克半焦的混合物​​与少量硬煤混合制成的。用于制造硅的材料是木炭，沥青和石油焦。对还原剂的需求非常高。在1980年代的苏联，每年的需求量约为500万吨。矿石电热过程是耗电的过程：从每1吨电石2800千瓦时到每1吨磷15,000千瓦时。原材料和电力的消耗以及产品的质量在很大程度上取决于还原剂的质量，还原剂的质量在任何情况下都不能满足消费者的需求。还原剂的质量通过科学发展的实施来说明，以期利用由长焰煤生产的具有增加电阻率的高活性半焦[1-3]。在硅合金的制造中，已经节省了数十亿千瓦时的电力;合金质量得到提高，产量增加。

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