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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Development Economics >Civil wars beyond their borders: The human capital and health consequences of hosting refugees
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Civil wars beyond their borders: The human capital and health consequences of hosting refugees

机译：内战超越国界：收容难民的人力资本和健康后果

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In early 1994, Kagera - a region in northwestern Tanzania - was flooded by more than 500,000 refugees fleeing from the genocides of Burundi and Rwanda. I use this population shock and a series of topographic barriers that resulted in variation in refugee intensity to investigate the short- and long-run causal effects of hosting refugees on outcomes of local children. This strategy provides evidence of adverse impacts over one year after the shock: a worsening of children's anthropometrics (0.3 standard deviations), an increase in the incidence of infectious diseases (15-20 percentage points) and an increase in mortality for children under five (7 percentage points). I also find that intra- and inter-cohort variation in childhood exposure to the refugee crisis reduced height in early adulthood by 1.8 cm (1.2%), schooling by 0.2 years (7.1%) and literacy by 7 percentage points (8.6%). Designs using the distance to the border with Rwanda as an alternative identification strategy for refugee intensitysupport the findings. The estimates are robust across different samples, specifications and estimation methods and provide evidence of a previously undocumented indirect effect of civil wars on the well-being of children and subsequent economic growth inrefugee-hosting communities.
机译：1994年初，坦桑尼亚西北部的一个地区Kagera被逃离布隆迪和卢旺达大屠杀的50万难民淹没。我使用这种人口冲击和一系列导致难民强度变化的地形障碍，来研究收容难民对当地儿童的后果的短期和长期因果关系。该策略提供了在电击后一年内产生不利影响的证据：儿童人体测量学的恶化（0.3个标准差），传染病的发生率增加（15-20个百分点）以及五岁以下儿童的死亡率增加（ 7个百分点）。我还发现，在队列中儿童时期内和队列间的差异使成年早期的身高降低了1.8厘米（1.2％），受教育程度降低了0.2年（7.1％），识字率降低了7个百分点（8.6％）。使用与卢旺达边界的距离作为难民强度的替代识别策略的设计支持了这一发现。估计数在不同的样本，规格和估计方法之间是可靠的，并提供了内战以前对儿童的福祉和随后的收容难民的经济增长的间接影响的无证证据。

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