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Child labor, urban proximity, and household composition

机译:童工,城市附近和家庭组成

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Using detailed survey data from Nepal, this paper examines the determinants of child labor with a special emphasis on urban proximity. We find that children residing in or near urban centers attend school more and work less in total but are more likely to be involved in wage work or in a small business. The larger the urban center, the stronger the effect is. Urban proximity is found to reduce the workload of children and improve school attendance up to 3 h of travel time from the city. In areas of commercialized agriculture located 3 to 7 h from the city, children do more farm work. Urban proximity effects are accounted for by a combination of local labor supply and demand "conditions, most notably the local importance of agriculture, the educationlevel of the parents, and the local wage rate. Child servants, which represent a small proportion of all children, work much harder than other children and appear particularly at risk.
机译:本文使用尼泊尔的详细调查数据,研究了童工的决定因素,并特别强调了城市邻近性。我们发现,居住在城市中心或城市中心附近的孩子上学的次数更多,而总的工作较少,但他们更有可能从事有偿工作或从事小生意。市中心越大,效果越强。距离城市很近,可以减少儿童的工作量,并可以在距城市3小时的旅行时间内提高入学率。在距离城市3至7小时的商业化农业地区,儿童从事更多的农场劳动。城市接近性的影响是由当地劳动力供求条件共同造成的,其中最主要的是农业在当地的重要性,父母的教育水平和当地的工资水平。童工占所有儿童的一小部分,比其他孩子更努力地工作,并且显得特别危险。

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