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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture >Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops.
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Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops.

机译：施肥和其他农艺措施对作物营养质量的影响。

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摘要

Crops, as the basic source of essential substances and nutrients, do not always contain sufficient amounts of these essential nutrients to meet dietary requirements. In this review paper, we discussed the effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on the nutritional quality of cereal, oilseed and protein crops, tuber plants and vegetables. Research indicates that application of N, P, K and S fertilizers generally increases crop yield as well as nutritional quality. For example, fertilizer increased protein concentration in cereals and pulses, oil concentration in oilseed crops, starch concentration in tubers, and concentration of essential amino acids and vitamins in vegetables. However, excessive fertilizer application, especially N fertilizer, can result in undesirable changes such as increases in nitrate, titratable acidity and acid to sugar ratio, while decreasing the concentration of vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble solids, and Mg and Ca in some crops. Other agronomic measures, such as tillage and crop rotation, organic farming, soil moisture management, and crop breeding and genetic engineering can also have a large effect on food crop quality, though the potential benefits of these measures for improving crop quality has not been fully exploited. Research literature on this subject suggests that more information is needed in order to achieve an increase in the concentration of essential microelements, prevent accumulation of toxic levels of elements such as Cu, Mo, Zn, Ni, Se and nitrate, and other dangerous or toxic substances and elements in crops.
机译：作物作为必需物质和营养素的基本来源，并不总是含有足够量的这些必需营养素来满足饮食需求。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了施肥和其他农艺措施对谷物，油料和蛋白质作物，块茎植物和蔬菜的营养品质的影响。研究表明，施用氮，磷，钾和硫肥料通常会提高作物产量以及营养品质。例如，肥料增加了谷物和豆类中的蛋白质浓度，油料作物中的油浓度，块茎中的淀粉浓度以及蔬菜中必需氨基酸和维生素的浓度。但是，过量施用肥料，尤其是氮肥，可能会导致不良的变化，例如硝酸盐含量增加，可滴定的酸度和酸糖比，同时降低某些作物中维生素C，可溶性糖，可溶性固形物以及Mg和Ca的浓度。其他农艺措施，例如耕作和轮作，有机耕作，土壤湿度管理以及作物育种和基因工程，也可能对粮食作物质量产生重大影响，尽管这些措施对改善作物质量的潜在好处尚未充分体现。被利用。关于该主题的研究文献表明，需要更多的信息以实现必需微量元素的浓度增加，防止铜，钼，锌，镍，硒和硝酸盐等元素的毒性水平累积以及其他危险或有毒物质。作物中的物质和元素。

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