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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Theoretical Biology >Diversity in times of adversity: probabilistic strategies in microbial survival games
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Diversity in times of adversity: probabilistic strategies in microbial survival games

机译：逆境中的多样性：微生物生存游戏中的概率策略

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Population diversification strategies are ubiquitous among microbes, encompassing random phase-variation (RP V) of pathogenic bacteria, viral latency as observed in some bacteriophage and HIV, and the non-genetic diversity of bacterial stress responses. Precise conditions under which these diversification strategies confer an advantage have not been well defined. We develop a model of population growth conditioned on dynamical environmental and cellular states. Transitions among cellular states, in turn, may be biased by possibly noisy readings of the environment from cellular sensors. For various types of environmental dynamics and cellular sensor capability, we apply game-theoretic analysis to derive the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) for an organism and determine when that strategy is diversification. We find that: (1) RPV, effecting a sort of Parrondo paradox wherein random alternations between losing strategies produce a winning strategy, is selected when transitions between different selective environments cannot be sensed, (2) optimal RP V cell switching rates are a function of environmental lifecycle asymmetries and environmental autocorrelation, (3) probabilistic diversification upon entering a new environment is selected when sensors can detect environmental transitions but have poor precision in identifying new environments, and (4) in the presence of excess additive noise, low-pass filtering is required for evolutionary stability. We show that even when RP V is not the ESS, it may minimize growth rate variance and the risk of extinction due to 'unlucky' environmental dynamics. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：微生物的种群多样化策略无处不在，包括病原细菌的随机相变（RP V），某些噬菌体和HIV中观察到的病毒潜伏期以及细菌应激反应的非遗传多样性。这些多元化战略带来优势的精确条件尚未得到很好的定义。我们建立了以动态环境和细胞状态为条件的人口增长模型。反过来，蜂窝状态之间的转换可能会受到来自蜂窝传感器的环境中可能嘈杂的读数的影响。对于各种类型的环境动力学和细胞传感器功能，我们应用博弈论分析来得出生物的进化稳定策略（ESS），并确定该策略何时是多样化的。我们发现：（1）当无法感知到不同选择环境之间的转换时，选择了一种RPV，这种Parrondo悖论选择了失败策略之间的随机交替产生获胜策略，（2）最佳RP V电池切换速率是一个函数环境生命周期的不对称性和环境自相关性，（3）当传感器可以检测到环境转变但识别新环境的精度较差时，选择进入新环境时的概率多样性;（4）存在过多的附加噪声，低通过滤是进化稳定性所必需的。我们表明，即使RP V不是ESS，它也可以使生长速度差异和由于“不幸”环境动态而灭绝的风险降到最低。 （c）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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