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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Theoretical Biology >Behavior pattern (innate action) of individuals in fish schools generating efficient collective evasion from predation
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Behavior pattern (innate action) of individuals in fish schools generating efficient collective evasion from predation

机译：鱼类学校中个体的行为模式（先天行动），从捕食中产生有效的集体逃避

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The schooling of fishes is one typical animal social behavior. One primary function of fish school is to protect members when attacked by predators. One main way that the school reduces the predator's chance of making a successful kill is to confuse the predator as it makes its strike. This may be accomplished by collective evasion behaviors organized through integration of motions of individual fish made based on their innate actions (behavior patterns). In order to investigate what kind of behavior pattern of individuals can generate the efficient collective evasion of a school, we present a model of evasion behavior pattern which consists of three component behavior patterns, schooling, cooperative escape, and selfish escape behavior patterns and the rule for choice of one among them with proper timing. Each fish determines its movement direction taking into account simultaneously three kinds of elemental motions, mimicking its neighbors, avoiding collisions with its nearest neighbors, and escaping from an approaching predator. The weights of three elemental motions are changed depending on which component behavior pattern the fish carries out. The values of the weights for three component behavior patterns can be definitively determined under the condition that the collective evasion of the school becomes the most efficient, that is, the probability that any member is eaten by the predator becomes minimum. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：养鱼是一种典型的动物社会行为。鱼群的主要功能之一是在受到掠食者攻击时保护其成员。学校减少掠食者成功杀死的机会的一种主要方法是在掠食者罢工时对其造成混淆。这可以通过基于个体鱼类固有行为（行为模式）的运动整合来组织集体逃避行为来实现。为了研究什么样的个人行为模式可以产生学校的有效集体逃避行为，我们提出了一种逃避行为模式模型，该模型由学校行为，合作逃生，自私逃生行为模式和规则三部分组成。在适当的时机中选择其中之一。每条鱼同时考虑三种基本运动，模仿其邻居，避免与其最近的邻居发生碰撞以及逃避接近的掠食者，从而确定其运动方向。三种基本运动的权重取决于鱼执行哪种成分行为模式。可以在学校的集体逃避变得最有效的条件下（即，任何成员被掠食者吃掉的概率最小）的情况下，确定三种分量行为模式的权重值。 （c）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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