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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Part B. Critical reviews >SOURCES OF VARIABILITY IN BIOMARKER CONCENTRATIONS
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SOURCES OF VARIABILITY IN BIOMARKER CONCENTRATIONS

机译：生物标志物浓度变化的来源

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摘要

Human biomonitoring has become a primary tool for chemical exposure characterization in a wide variety of contexts: population monitoring and characterization at a national level, assessment and description of cohort exposures, and individual exposure assessments in the context of epidemiological research into potential adverse health effects of chemical exposures. The accurate use of biomonitoring as an exposure characterization tool requires understanding of factors, apart from external exposure level, that influence variation in biomarker concentrations. This review provides an overview of factors that might influence inter- and intraindividual variation in biomarker concentrations apart from external exposure magnitude. These factors include characteristics of the specific chemical of interest, characteristics of the likely route(s) and frequency of exposure, and physiological characteristics of the biomonitoring matrix (typically, blood or urine). Intraindividual variation in biomarker concentrations may be markedly affected by the relationship between the elimination half-life and the intervals between exposure events, as well as by variation in characteristics of the biomonitored media such as blood lipid content or urinary flow rate. Variation across individuals may occur due to differences in time of sampling relative to exposure events, physiological differences influencing urinary flow or creatinine excretion rates or blood characteristics, and interindividual differences in metabolic rate or other factors influencing the absorption or excretion rate of a compound. Awareness of these factors can assist researchers in improving the design and interpretation of biomonitoring studies.
机译：人体生物监测已成为在多种情况下表征化学暴露的主要工具：在国家一级对人口进行监测和表征，对队列暴露进行评估和描述，以及在流行病学研究中对个体的潜在有害健康影响进行个人暴露评估化学暴露。正确使用生物监测作为暴露特征工具需要了解除外部暴露水平以外影响生物标志物浓度变化的因素。这篇综述概述了可能影响生物标志物浓度的个体间和个体间差异的因素，除了外部暴露量。这些因素包括感兴趣的特定化学药品的特性，可能的接触途径和暴露频率的特性以及生物监测基质（通常是血液或尿液）的生理特性。消除半衰期与暴露事件之间的时间间隔之间的关系，以及受生物监测介质的特性（例如血脂含量或尿流率）的变化可能会显着影响生物标志物浓度的个体差异。个体之间的差异可能是由于相对于暴露事件的采样时间差异，影响尿流或肌酐排泄率或血液特性的生理差异以及代谢率或影响化合物吸收或排泄率的其他因素的个体差异所致。了解这些因素可以帮助研究人员改善生物监测研究的设计和解释。

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