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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation >Field performance of two rapid screening tests in active surveillance of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in small ruminants
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Field performance of two rapid screening tests in active surveillance of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in small ruminants

机译：两项快速筛查试验在主动监测小反刍动物传染性海绵状脑病中的现场表现

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Recently, screening tests for monitoring the prevalence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies specifically in sheep and goats became available. Although most countries require comprehensive test validation prior to approval, little is known about their performance under normal operating conditions. Switzerland was one of the first countries to implement 2 of these tests, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a Western blot, in a 1-year active surveillance program. Slaughtered animals (n = 32,777) were analyzed in either of the 2 tests with immunohistochemistry for confirmation of initial reactive results, and fallen stock samples (n = 3,193) were subjected to both screening tests and immunohistochemistry in parallel. Initial reactive and false-positive rates were recorded over time. Both tests revealed an excellent diagnostic specificity (>99.5%). However, initial reactive rates were elevated at the beginning of the program but dropped to levels below 1% with routine and enhanced staff training. Only those in the ELISA increased again in the second half of the program and correlated with the degree of tissue autolysis in the fallen stock samples. It is noteworthy that the Western blot missed 1 of the 3 atypical scrapie cases inthe fallen stock, indicating potential differences in the diagnostic sensitivities between the 2 screening tests. However, an estimation of the diagnostic sensitivity for both tests on field samples remained difficult due to the low disease prevalence.Taken together, these results highlight the importance of staff training, sample quality, and interlaboratory comparison trials when such screening tests are implemented in the field.
机译：近来，用于监测可传播的海绵状脑病的流行的筛查测试，特别是在绵羊和山羊中。尽管大多数国家/地区要求在批准之前要求进行全面的测试验证，但对其在正常操作条件下的性能知之甚少。在为期1年的主动监视计划中，瑞士是最早进行其中2种测试（酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和Western blot）的国家之一。在两次免疫组化试验中，对被屠宰的动物（n = 32,777）进行了分析，以确认最初的反应结果，同时对下落的牲畜样本（n = 3,193）进行了筛选试验和免疫组化。随时间记录初始反应性和假阳性率。两种测试均显示出极好的诊断特异性（> 99.5％）。但是，在计划开始时，初始反应率有所提高，但随着常规和加强人员培训，初始反应率降至1％以下。在程序的后半部分，只有ELISA中的那些再次增加，并且与下落的库存样品中的组织自溶程度相关。值得注意的是，蛋白质印迹法在下落的牲畜中漏掉了3例非典型瘙痒病病例中的1例，表明2项筛查试验之间诊断敏感性的潜在差异。然而，由于疾病患病率低，很难对这两种检测方法对田间样品的诊断敏感性进行估算。综合起来，这些结果突出了在实验室进行此类筛查测试时进行人员培训，样品质量和实验室间比较试验的重要性。领域。

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