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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of voice: official journal of the Voice Foundation >Voice disorders in the Metropolitan Area of San Juan, Puerto Rico: profiles of occupational groups.
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Voice disorders in the Metropolitan Area of San Juan, Puerto Rico: profiles of occupational groups.

机译：波多黎各圣胡安大都会地区的语音障碍：职业人群的概况。

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OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Approximately 28,000,000 workers in the United States experience voice problems everyday. In general, voice problems are very common, but they are more frequent among certain occupational groups. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. METHOD: We analyzed 129 available records of voice-disordered cases reported during the period of 2000-2005 from the Corporacion del Fondo del Seguro del Estado in the Metropolitan Areas of Puerto Rico of Bayamon, San Juan, and Carolina. The following variables were studied: sex, age, occupation, possible job hazards, diagnosis, and type of treatment. Measures of central tendency, including percentage frequencies, were used. RESULTS: The findings revealed that 81% of all the cases of voice disorders available during the study period were females. The average age at diagnosis for different voice disorders was 42 years (+/- 10 years). Vocal problems were reported with a higher frequency by teachers at the elementary and high school levels (72%). The most common complaints were job-related voice overuse (30%) and excessive dust at the workplace. The most frequent medical diagnoses related to voice disorders were rhynopharyngitis (27%), several types of laryngitis (21%), and laryngopharyngitis (10%). The most frequent treatment modality for laryngeal disease and voice problems was the prescription of medication. CONCLUSIONS: The most relevant factor of voice disorders for professional voice users is the vocal overload during their job. It is advisable to implement voice disorder-prevention programs for teachers because of the high rate of vocal dysfunction among these professionals.
机译：目标/假设：美国每天约有28,000,000工人遇到语音问题。通常，语音问题很常见，但在某些职业群体中更常见。研究设计：描述性横断面研究。方法：我们分析了2000年至2005年间在巴亚蒙，波多黎各，圣胡安和卡罗来纳州的波多黎各大都会地区的Corporacion del Fondo del Seguro del Estado报告的129例声音异常病例的可用记录。研究了以下变量：性别，年龄，职业，可能的工作危害，诊断和治疗类型。使用了集中趋势的度量，包括百分比频率。结果：研究结果表明，在研究期间，所有可用的语音障碍病例中有81％是女性。诊断为各种声音障碍的平均年龄为42岁（+/- 10岁）。在小学和中学阶段，教师报告声乐问题的频率更高（72％）。最常见的投诉是与工作有关的语音过度使用（30％）和工作场所的灰尘过多。与声音障碍相关的最常见医学诊断是鼻咽炎（27％），几种类型的喉炎（21％）和喉咽炎（10％）。喉部疾病和声音问题最常见的治疗方式是开药。结论：对于专业语音用户而言，语音障碍最相关的因素是他们工作期间的声音超负荷。建议为教师实施预防语音障碍的计划，因为这些专业人员的语音功能异常率很高。

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