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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Thermal Biology >Potential energy expenditure by litter-roosting bats associated with temperature under leaf litter during winter.
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Potential energy expenditure by litter-roosting bats associated with temperature under leaf litter during winter.

机译：冬季，凋落物蝙蝠的潜在能量消耗与叶片凋落物的温度有关。

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摘要

In temperate portions of North America, some bats that remain active during winter undergo short periods of hibernation below leaf litter on the forest floor during episodes of below-freezing weather. These winter roosts may provide above-freezing conditions, but the thermal conditions under leaf litter are unclear. Further, little is known of the relationship between temperatures under litter and potential energy expenditure by bats. Therefore, I characterized thermal conditions below leaf litter, compared temperatures encountered under different litter depths, and evaluated the quality of these sites as hibernacula based on potential energy use by eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) during winter in forests of the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, USA. Over an averaged 24-h period, there was no significant difference in temperature among different depths of leaf litter, but temperatures under litter remained significantly warmer than air temperatures, especially during nighttime and under snow cover. Temperatures below leaf litter were significantly warmer on south-facing slopes than north-facing slopes, but predicted metabolic rates did not differ among aspects. Predicted metabolic rates of eastern red bats were lowest under the deepest leaf litter measured (8 cm) and highest under ambient air conditions. Depending on depth of leaf litter cover, predicted energy savings based on O2 consumption from roosting under litter were 1.9 to 3.1 times greater than remaining in ambient air during periods of freezing weather and around 5.6 times greater when roosting under leaf litter with snow cover. A model for predicted total energy consumption (estimated as the total oxygen consumption during a 24-h period) by eastern red bats indicated that when roosting below leaf litter, energy consumption would be reduced with greater ground temperatures, greater leaf litter moisture, and when located on south-facing slopes. Predicted metabolic rates and total energy consumption may provide more insight on the quality of roost sites for wintering bats than temperature of roost sites alone.
机译：在北美的温带地区，一些蝙蝠在冬季保持活跃，在低于冰冻天气的情况下，它们会在森林地板上的枯枝落叶下短暂休眠。这些冬季栖息地可能会提供高于冰点的条件，但尚不清楚叶片凋落物的高温条件。此外，关于垫料下的温度与蝙蝠的潜在能量消耗之间的关系知之甚少。因此，我对叶片凋落物下的热条件进行了表征，比较了不同凋落物深度下遇到的温度，并基于东部红蝙蝠（北极熊）冬季在阿肯色州瓦希塔山森林中的潜在能源利用，评估了这些地点的冬眠质量。 ， 美国。在平均的24小时内，不同深度的凋落物之间的温度没有显着差异，但是凋落物下的温度仍然明显高于空气温度，尤其是在夜间和积雪下。在朝南的斜坡上，凋落物下面的温度明显高于朝北的斜坡，但是预测的代谢率在各个方面没有差异。在测得的最深叶子凋落物（8厘米）处，东部红蝙蝠的预测代谢率最低，而在环境空气条件下，则最高。根据叶子凋落物覆盖的深度，基于冻结下栖息地中O 2 消耗的预测节能量是冰冻天气期间环境空气中剩余量的1.9到3.1倍，而栖息地时则高出约5.6倍在有雪盖的叶子垃圾下。东部红蝙蝠预测的总能源消耗（以24小时内的总氧气消耗量估算）的模型表明，当栖息在叶子凋落物以下时，随着地面温度升高，叶子凋落物水分增加以及位于朝南的山坡上。预测的代谢率和总能量消耗可能比单独的栖息地温度提供更多有关越冬蝙蝠栖息地质量的见解。

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