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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Thermal Biology >Thermal acclimation, heat shock and photoperiod: Do these factors interplay in the adaptive responses of crab neuromuscular systems to temperature?
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Thermal acclimation, heat shock and photoperiod: Do these factors interplay in the adaptive responses of crab neuromuscular systems to temperature?

机译：热适应，热休克和光周期：这些因素是否在蟹神经肌肉系统对温度的适应性反应中相互作用？

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Evidence is reviewed demonstrating that the adaptive responses to temperature made by the walking leg neuromuscular system of crabs (Carcinus maenas) are in response to local temperature and not in response to hierarchical influences by the CNS and hormonal systems. Evidence is presented showing that the laboratory acclimation responses in muscle membrane resting potential (RP) do not predict the responses in seasonal acclimatized crabs, suggesting that additional environmental factors may have a role. No consistent effect of either short or long day photoperiod was found on muscle membrane RP in 8 or 22 degrees C acclimated crabs. However, short day data for RP were more hyperpolarised than those from long day particularly at temperatures above 17 degrees C. In 8 degrees C acclimated crabs short day exposure resulted in consistently higher EJP amplitudes than following long day exposure. In 22 degrees C acclimated crabs day length had a less marked effect, but short day appeared to alter the pattern of response to temperature towards that for 8 degrees C acclimated crabs. Photoperiod was shown to have an effect on muscle tension, particularly in 8 degrees C acclimated crabs. Long day as compared to short day exposure resulted in a higher force generated at temperatures below about 17 degrees C with a marked temperature dependency. In 22 degrees C acclimated crabs the difference between short and long day exposure was less marked but in this case the force generated was consistently greater following short day exposure. Thus photoperiodic effects may play a role in acclimatization. Heat shock (HS) increased CTMax of 8 degrees C acclimated Carcinus from 33.04 +/- 0.2 to 34.17 +/- 0.52 degrees C. Following heat shock closer muscle RP was more hyperpolarised but the temperature dependency of RP was unaltered from non-heat shocked controls, furthermore HS increased the temperature at which RP failed from 25.21 +/- 0.71 to 34.17 +/- 0.52 degrees C. The effect of HS on EJP amplitude was complex, at low temperatures it lowered EJP amplitude but at higher temperatures the amplitude was increased. HS also significantly raised the temperature at which EJP failed from 23.39 +/- 0.73 to 27.43 +/- 1.16 degrees C. Force generated by the closer muscle was dependent on acclimation temperature. Short day photoperiod increased force generation particularly in cold acclimated crabs. HS reduced force generation over the temperature range measured. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：审查的证据表明，蟹（Carcinus maenas）的步行腿神经肌肉系统对温度的适应性反应是对局部温度的反应，而不是对中枢神经系统和激素系统的等级影响的反应。证据表明，实验室对肌肉膜静息电位（RP）的驯化反应不能预测季节性适应的螃蟹的反应，表明其他环境因素也可能起作用。在适应8或22摄氏度的螃蟹中，短期或长期光照周期对肌肉膜RP均没有发现一致的影响。但是，特别是在高于17摄氏度的温度下，短时间的RP数据比长日的数据更具高度极化。在8摄氏度的驯化螃蟹中，短日暴露导致的EJP振幅始终高于长日暴露。在适应22摄氏度的螃蟹中，日长的影响较小，但短日似乎改变了对温度的响应方式，趋向于适应8摄氏度的螃蟹。已证明光周期对肌肉张力有影响，特别是在适应8摄氏度的螃蟹中。与短日暴露相比，漫长的一天导致在低于约17摄氏度的温度下产生更高的力，并具有明显的温度依赖性。在适应22°C的螃蟹中，短日和长日暴露之间的差异较小，但在这种情况下，短日暴露后产生的力始终较大。因此，光周期效应可能在适应环境中起作用。热休克（HS）使8摄氏度适应癌的CTMax从33.04 +/- 0.2增加到34.17 +/- 0.52摄氏度。热休克后，更紧密的肌肉RP更极化，但非热休克后RP的温度依赖性并未改变对照，此外，HS将RP失效的温度从25.21 +/- 0.71升高到34.17 +/- 0.52摄氏度。HS对EJP振幅的影响很复杂，在低温下它降低EJP振幅，但在较高温度下，振幅为增加。 HS还显着将EJP失效的温度从23.39 +/- 0.73升高到27.43 +/- 1.16摄氏度。较近的肌肉产生的力取决于适应温度。短时间的光周期增加了力的产生，特别是在冷驯化的蟹中。 HS降低了在测量温度范围内产生的力。 （C）2012 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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