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Mine seismicity: prediction or forecasting?

机译:矿山地震活动性:预测还是预测?

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摘要

Much as one hopes to predict whether damaging seismicity might occur somewhere in the next shift, this is not possible at present. Recently, an analysis of seismicity at two mines has shown that a small increase in seismicity occasionally occurs before both large and small events. This analysis is extended here to five mines, with the same results. Earthquake seismologists forecast hazard in terms of the average incidence of earthquakes over the last 50 years, adjusted on an hourly basis according to the possibility of aftershocks of events that have happened. The rate of seismicity in any area remains approximately constant when expressed as seismicity per area mined, or better still, per unit of elastic strain energy released. It is suggested that seismic hazard in mines be estimated using historical seismicity and forward modelling, adjusted according to the possibility of aftershocks. In summary, medium-term forecasting of seismicity is viable; short-term prediction of large events is not.
机译:正如人们希望预测在下一班次某个地方是否会发生破坏性地震活动一样,目前这还不可能。最近,对两个矿山的地震活动性的分析表明,在大型和小型事件发生之前,地震活动性偶尔都会发生小幅增加。此分析在此扩展到五个地雷,结果相同。地震地震学家以过去50年的平均地震发生率来预测灾害,并根据发生的余震的可能性每小时进行一次调整。当表示为开采的每个区域的地震活动率,或者更好的是,单位弹性释放的能量,地震活动率在任何区域都保持大致恒定。建议使用历史地震活动性和正演模拟来估算矿山的地震危险,并根据余震的可能性进行调整。总而言之,对地震活动进行中期预测是可行的。大事件的短期预测不是。

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