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首页> 外文期刊>Journal Of The South African Institute Of Mining & Metallurgy >Continuous blasting improvements at Landau Colliery
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Continuous blasting improvements at Landau Colliery

机译：兰道煤矿的持续爆破改进

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Following the blasting fatality on 17 December 2009, Landau Colliery was forced to change from the blasting practices that had been utilized since the start-up of the mine. Since then, attempts have been made to optimize blasting results. The challenge is rooted to the mining environment - during the early life of the mine, mining took place in virgin areas, whereas currently mining is taking place in areas overlying old underground bord and pillar workings. The underground bord and pillar workings aggravate phenomena such as spontaneous combustion, hot holes, and sinkholes. The 2009 fatality was attributed to hot holes causing premature detonation. Landau has been struggling with poor results from their overburden and coal blasts; leading to poor fragmentation of overburden and the P1 parting that lies between the No.l and No.2 coal seams. An extensive literature survey was completed in order to identify possible alternative solutions that could be evaluated for this unique mining environment, which demands a high degree of caution during mining to ensure factors such as dragline stability and personnel safety. The literature survey confirmed that the previous blasting technique, which was mainly characterized by air decking, was indeed the more efficient, although it was deemed unsafe because of the possibility of hot holes and the high sensitivity of detonators. Potential modifications to the blasting technique were modelled in a Microsoft Excel simulation that was available from the mine, and pit visits were conducted in order to determine whether implementation would be a problem. From the model it is evident that results can be improved by changing the current burden and spacing ratio. Visiting the pit revealed that the tie-in pattern and drilling inaccuracies are contributing to problem areas.
机译：在2009年12月17日爆破死亡之后，兰道煤矿被迫改变了自矿山投产以来一直采用的爆破方法。从那时起，人们一直在尝试优化爆破效果。挑战根源在于采矿环境-在矿山的早期阶段，采矿是在处女地进行的，而目前，采矿是在覆盖旧地下波德和支柱工作的地区进行的。地下波和柱的工作加剧了诸如自燃，热孔和下陷等现象。 2009年的死亡归因于热洞引起的过早爆炸。朗道（Landau）一直在努力应对其覆盖层和煤爆的不良结果;导致覆盖层碎片少，并且位于1号和2号煤层之间的P1分界。为了确定可以针对这种独特采矿环境进行评估的可能替代解决方案，已完成了广泛的文献调查，在采矿过程中需要高度谨慎以确保拉铲铲稳定性和人员安全等因素。文献调查证实，以前的喷砂技术以空气铺面为主要特征，实际上效率更高，尽管由于存在热孔的可能性和雷管的高灵敏度而被认为是不安全的。可以从矿山获得的Microsoft Excel模拟中对爆破技术的潜在修改进行建模，并进行了矿井探访，以确定实施是否会成为问题。从模型中可以明显看出，通过改变电流负担和间距比可以改善结果。探访该矿坑表明，搭接方式和钻孔不正确是造成问题区域的原因。

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