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首页> 外文期刊>Journal Of The South African Institute Of Mining & Metallurgy >Plasma technology for the manufacturing of nuclear materials at Necsa
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Plasma technology for the manufacturing of nuclear materials at Necsa

机译：Necsa的等离子技术用于制造核材料

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The development of plasma technology at Necsa started in the early 1980s, when the applicability of high-temperature plasmas in the nuclear fuel cycle was investigated. Since 1995, this plasma expertise has expanded to other industrial applications, for example mineral beneficiation, nanotech-nology, fluorocarbon production and waste treatment, all of which are also of relevance to the nuclear industry.Necsa has demonstrated the manufacture of plasma-dissociated zircon, zirconium metal powder, carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide (SiC), zirconium carbide (ZrC) and boron carbide (B4C) at the laboratory and pilot plant scale. These materials are commonly used in the nuclear industry. Zirconium alloys are used as fuel cladding material for nuclear fuel assemblies.Necsa manufactured the monomer tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), using 150 and 450 kW DC plasma systems, from which the polymer polytetraflu oroethylene (PTFE) was synthesized for use in filters and as seals in nuclear plants. With the nuclear renaissance at hand, it was demonstrated that plasma technology can be used to produce hydrofluoric add (HF), which is used in the manufacture of fluorine gas (F2) for the production of uranium hexafluoride (UF_6) directly from the mineral calcium fluoride (CaF_2) without the use of sulphuric acid as in the conventional process. The recovery of valuable uranium from nuclear waste such as filters, oils, and solids with plasma processes will also be discussed. The destruction of low-level nuclear waste by a plasma gasification system can reduce the volume of this waste by several orders in magnitude, resulting in huge savings In the storage costs. Another product of plasma technology is the encapsulation process for nuclear waste and the production of vitrified product, which could be used as filler material for medium-level nuclear waste.
机译：Necsa的等离子体技术的发展始于1980年代初期，当时研究了高温等离子体在核燃料循环中的适用性。自1995年以来，这种等离子专业知识已扩展到其他工业应用，例如矿物选矿，纳米技术，碳氟化合物生产和废物处理，所有这些也与核工业相关.Necsa已证明等离解锆石的制造，实验室规模和中试规模的金属锆，碳纳米管，碳化硅（SiC），碳化锆（ZrC）和碳化硼（B4C）。这些材料通常用于核工业。锆合金用作核燃料组件的燃料包壳材料.Necsa使用150和450 kW直流等离子体系统制造了单体四氟乙烯（TFE），从中合成了聚合物聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）用于过滤器和密封。核电站。随着核复兴的到来，事实证明等离子技术可用于生产氢氟化合物（HF），该技术可用于生产氟气（F2），以直接从矿物钙生产六氟化铀（UF_6）。常规方法中不使用硫酸的氟化物（CaF_2）。还将讨论利用等离子体工艺从核废料（例如过滤器，油和固体）中回收有价值的铀的方法。等离子体气化系统销毁低水平核废料可将这种废料的体积减少几个数量级，从而可节省大量的存储成本。等离子技术的另一种产品是核废料的封装工艺和玻璃化产品的生产，可以用作中级核废料的填充材料。

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