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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Wildlife Management >Population dynamics of double-crested cormorants in two interior breeding areas.
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Population dynamics of double-crested cormorants in two interior breeding areas.

机译：两个内部繁殖区双冠cor的种群动态。

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Because of rapid population expansion, conflicts between double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and humans have increased, particularly at aquaculture facilities in the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV), United States. Although key demographic information on the Interior population is sparse, management decisions for population reduction are already in place across their breeding range. New evidence suggests the Appalachian Mountains may act as a migration divide for Interior cormorants, causing some birds to migrate between LMRV and the western Great Lakes, whereas others migrate between Florida and the eastern Great Lakes. Most of the banded cormorants recovered near LMRV aquaculture facilities were banded as nestlings at colonies from the central Great Lakes west to the northern Great Plains. We selected 2 geographically distinct Interior cormorant breeding areas: west of the Great Lakes in Lake of the Woods (LOW) and eastern Lake Ontario (ELO), located on either side of the migration divide in the province of Ontario, Canada, to study population dynamics. We used age-specific classes for our mark-recapture analysis (Program MARK) on data collected from 9,498 color-banded cormorants during the breeding seasons of 2000-2008. Adult survival was the same for both areas (LOW=0.84+or-0.09 SE, ELO=0.83+or-0.05 SE). Finite rates of population growth ( lambda ) were also similar (LOW=1.01, ELO=0.97) and sensitivity analyses indicated that adult survival was the most influential vital rate contributing to lambda for both breeding areas. However, young-of-the-year survival estimates were distinctly less in ELO (0.19+or-0.02 SE) than in LOW (0.45+or-0.10 SE) and sensitivity analysis revealed that young-of-the-year survival played a key role in ELO population growth. Moreover, ELO breeding area fidelity (F) was much greater (0.94+or-0.05 SE) than the F estimates for all age classes in LOW (between 0.68+or-0.19 SE and 0.80+or-0.13 SE). Considering these regional demographic differences, we recommend that future management efforts be based on migratory flyways within the Interior population.
机译：由于人口的快速增长，双冠mor（Ph）与人类之间的冲突增加了，特别是在美国下密西西比河谷（LMRV）的水产养殖设施。尽管关于内部种群的主要人口统计信息稀少，但减少种群的管理决策已在其繁殖范围内到位。新证据表明，阿巴拉契亚山脉可能是内Interior的迁徙鸿沟，导致一些鸟类在LMRV和西部大湖之间迁移，而另一些鸟类在佛罗里达州和东部大湖之间迁移。在LMRV水产养殖设施附近发现的大多数带状cor都被作为雏鸟从大五湖中心西至大平原北部的殖民地作为band带。我们选择了2个地理上不同的内部cor繁殖区域：伍兹湖大湖以西（LOW）和安大略湖东部（ELO），它们位于加拿大安大略省移民分界的两侧，以研究种群动力学。在2000-2008繁殖季节，我们从9,498种色带cor中收集的数据中使用了针对年龄的类别进行标记捕获分析（程序MARK）。两个地区的成年存活率均相同（LOW = 0.84 +或-0.09SE，ELO = 0.83 +或-0.05SE）。有限的种群增长率（lambda）也相似（LOW = 1.01，ELO = 0.97），敏感性分析表明，成年存活率是两个繁殖区对lambda影响最大的生命率。但是，ELO（0.19+或-0.02 SE）的年中青年生存率估计值明显低于LOW（0.45+或-0.10 SE）中的年青年生存率估计值，敏感性分析显示，年青人生存率发挥了重要作用。在ELO人口增长中发挥关键作用。此外，ELO繁殖区的保真度（F）比所有年龄段的LOW（0.68+或-0.19 SE和0.80+或-0.13 SE）的F估计值要高得多（0.94+或-0.05 SE）。考虑到这些地区的人口差异，我们建议未来的管理工作应基于内陆人口的迁徙飞行路线。

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