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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology: JARO >Localization of click trains and speech by cats: The negative level effect
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Localization of click trains and speech by cats: The negative level effect

机译：猫的点击火车和语音的本地化：负面影响

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摘要

Although localization of sound in elevation is believed to depend on spectral cues, it has been shown with human listeners that the temporal features of sound can also greatly affect localization performance. Of particular interest is a phenomenon known as the negative level effect, which describes the deterioration of localization ability in elevation with increasing sound level and is observed only with impulsive or short-duration sound. The present study uses the gaze positions of domestic cats as measures of perceived locations of sound targets varying in azimuth and elevation. The effects of sound level on localization in terms of accuracy, precision, and response latency were tested for sound with different temporal features, such as a click train, a single click, a continuous sound that had the same frequency spectrum of the click train, and speech segments. In agreement with previous human studies, negative level effects were only observed with click-like stimuli and only in elevation. In fact, localization of speech sounds in elevation benefited significantly when the sound level increased. Our findings indicate that the temporal continuity of a sound can affect the frequency analysis performed by the auditory system, and the variation in the frequency spectrum contained in speech sound does not interfere much with the spectral coding for its location in elevation.
机译：尽管人们认为高程声音的定位取决于频谱提示，但人类听众已经证明，声音的时间特征也会极大地影响定位性能。特别令人感兴趣的是一种称为负能级效应的现象，该现象描述了随着声级的提高，高程定位能力的降低，并且仅在脉冲或短时声中才观察到。本研究使用家猫的凝视位置来衡量声音目标在方位和仰角上的感知位置。针对具有不同时间特征的声音（例如喀嗒声，一次喀嗒声，具有与喀嗒声频谱相同的频谱的连续声音，和语音片段。与以前的人体研究一致，负水平效应仅在单击样刺激下且仅在升高时才观察到。实际上，当声音水平提高时，语音在高处的本地化会大大受益。我们的发现表明，声音的时间连续性可能会影响听觉系统执行的频率分析，并且语音中包含的频谱变化不会对其高程位置的频谱编码产生太大干扰。

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