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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology: JARO >Human visual and vestibular heading perception in the vertical planes
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Human visual and vestibular heading perception in the vertical planes

机译：垂直平面中的人类视觉和前庭朝向感知

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Heading estimation has not previously been reported in the vertical planes. This is a potentially interesting issue because although distribution of neuronal direction sensitivities is near uniform for vertical headings, there is an overrepresentation of otolith organs sensitive to motion in the horizontal relative to the vertical plane. Furthermore, thresholds of horizontal motion perception are considerably lower than those of vertical motion which has the potential to bias heading perception. The current data from 14 human subjects (age 19 to 67) measured heading estimation in response to vestibular motion of 14 cm (28 cm/s) over a 360° of headings at 5° intervals. An analogous visual motion was tested in separate trials. In this study, earth and head vertical/horizontal were always aligned. Results demonstrated that the horizontal component of heading was overestimated relative to the vertical component for vestibular heading stimuli in the coronal (skew) and sagittal (elevation) planes. For visual headings, the bias was much smaller and in the opposite direction such that the vertical component of heading was overestimated. Subjects older than 50 had significantly worse precision and larger biases relative to that of younger subjects for the vestibular conditions, although visual heading estimates were similar. A vector addition model was fit to the data which explains the observed heading biases by the known distribution of otolith organs in humans. The greatly decreased precision with age is explained by the model with decreases in end organ numbers, and relatively greater loss of otoliths that are sensitive to vertical motion.
机译：航向估计以前尚未在垂直平面上报告过。这是一个潜在有趣的问题，因为尽管神经元方向敏感度的分布对于垂直航向几乎是均匀的，但是对于水平相对于垂直平面的运动敏感的耳石器官过多存在。此外，水平运动感知的阈值明显低于垂直运动的阈值，垂直阈值可能会偏向航向感知。来自14位人类受试者（19至67岁）的当前数据测量了航向估计，该航向响应是在5°间隔的360°航向上响应14 cm（28 cm / s）的前庭运动。在单独的试验中测试了类似的视觉动作。在这项研究中，地面和头部垂直/水平始终对齐。结果表明，相对于冠状（偏斜）和矢状（高程）平面中前庭航向刺激的垂直分量，航向的水平分量被高估了。对于视觉标题，偏向要小得多，并且方向相反，因此标题的垂直分量被高估了。相对于年轻的前庭患者，年龄在50岁以上的受试者的准确性和偏见显着降低，尽管视觉方向估计相似。向量加法模型适合于该数据，该数据通过耳石器官在人体内的已知分布解释了观察到的航向偏差。该模型解释了随着年龄的增长而大大降低的精度，其中该模型的终末器官数目减少，并且对垂直运动敏感的耳石减少了。

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