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Morphology of female reproductive structures and an attempt of the construction of phylogenetic system of orders Podocarpales, Cephalotaxales and Taxales

机译:do木,头足类和紫杉类雌性生殖结构的形态学及系统发育系统的尝试

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摘要

Morphological and anatomical features of the female reproductive organs in the orders Podocarpales, Cephalotaxales and Taxales are very diverse. The seeds of podocarps, cephalotaxads and taxads are either solitary, terminal on the ordinary of specialized shoots, or aggregated in a primitive oligospermous strobilit. There are five different types of seeds: bitegmal (anatropous and orthotropous), unitegmal epimatous anatropous, unitegmal arillous (anatropous, orthotropous and hemiorthotropous), unitegmal anatropous with a sarcotesta but lacking supraintegumental envelopes and unitegmal orthotropous without supraintegumental envelopes. There appear to be no relations of the investigated taxa to Cordaitanthales, Lebachiales, Araucariales s.l., Pinales s.str. and Taxodiales s.l. It is possible to retrace relations of the Pteridospermae. Accordingly taxonomical segregation of studied groups of gymnosperms from is necessary. We find it reasonable to consider these orders as a separate class of seed plants based on the fundamental characters of their female reproductive structures (the number of integuments, the presence and nature of the supraintegumental envelope and seed orientation).
机译:罗汉松,头杉和紫杉的雌性生殖器官的形态和解剖特征非常多样。罗汉松,头孢类和紫杉类的种子是单生的,在专门芽的普通种子上末端生,或者聚集在原始的少子生的可育中。有五种不同类型的种子:斜生的(各向异性的和直生的),单生的表生的各向异性的,单生的硬质的(各向异性的,正交的和半正交的),单生的与卵形睾丸类似的各向异性,但缺乏上脑被膜包膜和单生的正向包膜而没有上膜。被调查的分类单元似乎与Cordaitanthales,Lebachiales,Araucariales s.l.,Pinales s.str。没有任何关系。和Taxodiales s.l.可以追溯蕨类植物的关系。因此,必须对来自<水草植物>的裸子植物进行研究分类。我们发现,根据其雌性生殖结构的基本特征(被膜的数量,上被膜的被膜的存在和性质以及种子的方向),将这些顺序视为一类单独的种子植物是合理的。

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