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Category learning from equivalence constraints

机译:从等效约束中学习类别

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摘要

Information for category learning may be provided as positive or negative equivalence constraints (PEC/NEC)-indicating that some exemplars belong to the same or different categories. To investigate categorization strategies, we studied category learning from each type of constraint separately, using a simple rule-based task. We found that participants use PECs differently than NECs, even when these provide the same amount of information. With informative PECs, categorization was rapid, reasonably accurate and uniform across participants. With informative NECs, performance was rapid and highly accurate for only some participants. When given directions, all participants reached high-performance levels with NECs, but the use of PECs remained unchanged. These results suggest that people may use PECs intuitively, but not perfectly. In contrast, using informative NECs enables a potentially more accurate categorization strategy, but a less natural, one which many participants initially fail to implement-even in this simplified setting.
机译:用于类别学习的信息可以作为正或负当量约束(PEC / NEC)提供,表明某些示例属于相同或不同类别。为了研究分类策略,我们使用一个简单的基于规则的任务,分别研究了每种约束类型的分类学习。我们发现,即使参与者提供的信息量相同,参与者使用PEC的方式也不同于NEC。借助信息丰富的PEC,参与者可以快速,合理地准确且统一地进行分类。借助信息丰富的NEC,只有部分参与者能够快速,准确地完成比赛。在给出指示后,所有参与者的NEC都达到了高性能水平,但PEC的使用保持不变。这些结果表明,人们可能会直观地使用PEC,但并不完美。相反,使用信息丰富的NEC可以实现更准确的分类策略,但分类策略不那么自然,即使在这种简化的设置下,许多参与者最初也未能实现。

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