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首页> 外文期刊>Colture Protette: CP >Integrated approach with grafting and soil disinfection to protect pepper in greenhouse.
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Integrated approach with grafting and soil disinfection to protect pepper in greenhouse.

机译：嫁接和土壤消毒相结合的方法可以保护温室中的辣椒。

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摘要

In 2004 and 2005, two trials were conducted in a private farm at Sparanise (Caserta, Italy). The farm produces mainly pepper, tomato, lettuce, snap beans under plastic tunnels. The aim of the experiment was focused on the need to define alternative patterns to methyl bromide soil treatment that has been banned since January 2005. Pepper is the main cash crop in the Sparanise area; its continuous cultivation in the last two decades favoured the outbreak of soilborne pathogens (Phytophthora capsici and Verticillium dahliae) which have been controlled by methyl bromide fumigation. In this work, the feasibility to integrate the use of plants grafted onto resistant rootstocks (Graffito and Gc 1002) with soil treatment such as methyl bromide, chloropicrin + 1,3-D and solarization was explored. The control treatments were ungrafted plants and untreated soil. Crop yields, degree of protection from soilborne pathogens and gross return from different treatment combinations were the parameters chosen to describe the most effective technical and economic solution. Results pointed out that pepper grafted plants growing on soil treated with methyl bromide or chloropicrin + 1,3-D showed to be not a good solution because grafting alone or soil fumigation alone were sufficient to prevent plant damages by P. capsici and to produce acceptable yields and gross returns. Soil solarization made in the summer preceding the pepper cultivation allowed yields higher (average 127 t/ha) than the other treatments as well as gross returns (approximately 3500 euro/1000 m2). The alternance between soil solarization in a year and cultivation of pepper grafted or not in the successive year was the most promising technical solution to substitute chemical treatments of soil disinfection.
机译：在2004年和2005年，在Sparanise（意大利卡塞塔）的一个私人农场进行了两次试验。该农场主要在塑料隧道下生产胡椒，西红柿，生菜，四季豆。该实验的目的集中在确定自2005年1月以来被禁止的甲基溴土壤处理替代模式的需求上。胡椒是Sparanise地区的主要经济作物。在过去的二十年中，其连续栽培有利于爆发由甲基溴熏蒸控制的土壤传播病原体（疫霉菌和大黄萎病菌）。在这项工作中，探讨了将嫁接在抗性砧木上的植物（Graffito和Gc 1002）与土壤处理（如甲基溴，氯仿+ 1,3-D和日光化处理）整合的可行性。对照处理是未移植的植物和未处理的土壤。作物产量，对土壤传播病原体的防护程度以及不同处理组合带来的总回报是选择用来描述最有效的技术和经济解决方案的参数。结果指出，用甲基溴或氯仿+ 1,3-D处理过的土壤上生长的辣椒嫁接植物不是很好的解决方案，因为单独嫁接或单独进行土壤熏蒸足以防止辣椒对辣椒的损害并产生可接受的结果。收益和总收益。在辣椒栽培之前的夏季，土壤日晒使单产比其他处理更高（平均127吨/公顷），总收益也更高（约3500欧元/ 1000平方米）。一年中土壤日晒与连续第二年嫁接或不嫁接辣椒种植之间的交替是替代土壤消毒化学处理的最有希望的技术解决方案。

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