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首页> 外文期刊>日本土壤肥料学雑誌 >Prediction of soil chemistry changes due to acidic deposition with a dynamic model - model description and application to soil acidification experiments
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Prediction of soil chemistry changes due to acidic deposition with a dynamic model - model description and application to soil acidification experiments

机译：动态模型预测酸性沉积引起的土壤化学变化-模型描述及其在土壤酸化实验中的应用。

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摘要

A dynamic model that mainly includes chemical reactions taking place in the soil was developed to simulate the soil acidification triggered by acidic deposition. The model was applied to soil acidification experiments in order to confirm the applicability of the model and to evaluate the contributions of each buffering mechanism. In the experiment, pH-adjusted sulfuric acid was added to twelve soil samples for four years. In case of the simulated acid rain with pH3, the estimated temporal change ofsoil chemistry corresponded well with the measurements except for exchangeable aluminium. Selectivity coefficients of cation exchange showed a clear positive correlation with the soil pH for each soil sample, and change in exchangeable aluminium could be predicted by expressing selectivity coefficients as a function of soil pH. According to the results of the model estimation, the main buffering mechanisms were Al hydroxide dissolution and/or release of exchangeable base cations, and acid was neutralized mainly in the surface soil layer (10 cm) by these processes. For the acid rain with pH4, decreased rates of exchangeable base cation were sometimes less than the observed ones. This disagreement was considered to be caused by the uncertainty of the data on mineral weathering and nitrification rates.
机译：建立了一个主要包括土壤中发生的化学反应的动力学模型，以模拟由酸性沉积引发的土壤酸化。该模型用于土壤酸化实验，以确认该模型的适用性并评估每种缓冲机制的作用。在实验中，将pH值调节后的硫酸添加到12个土壤样品中持续4年。在pH3的模拟酸雨情况下，除可交换铝外，估算的土壤化学时间变化与测量值非常吻合。阳离子交换的选择性系数与每种土壤样品的土壤pH呈明显的正相关关系，并且可以通过将选择性系数表示为土壤pH的函数来预测可交换铝的变化。根据模型估计的结果，主要的缓冲机制是氢氧化铝的溶解和/或可交换碱性阳离子的释放，并且这些过程主要在表土层（10厘米）中中和了酸。对于pH4的酸雨，可交换碱性阳离子的减少速率有时小于所观察到的速率。认为这种分歧是由于矿物风化和硝化率数据不确定性引起的。

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