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首页> 外文期刊>Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology >Intentional subitizing: Exploring the role of automaticity in enumeration
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Intentional subitizing: Exploring the role of automaticity in enumeration

机译：故意进行细分：探讨自动化在枚举中的作用

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Subitizing is traditionally described as the rapid, preattentive and automatic enumeration of up to four items. Counting, by contrast, describes the enumeration of larger sets of items and requires slower serial shifts of attention. Although recent research has called into question the preattentive nature of subitizing, whether or not numerosities in the subitizing range can be automatically accessed is yet to be empirically tested. In the current study, participants searched for two pre-defined digits in a circular visual-search array. Distractor dots of various set sizes were placed at the centre of the array. Despite the relevance of the distractor numerosities to the target detection task, the distractors did not influence target detection, thereby suggesting that their numerosities were not automatically accessed in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, participants were explicitly instructed to enumerate the distractor dots. Here, congruent and incongruent distractor numerosities influenced the target detection task, thereby revealing that the distractor dots were capable of generating interference. Experiment 3 ensured that dots were attended by asking participants to detect the luminance of dots. Data confirmed that subitizing was not automatic. The present study also supported the alleged discontinuity between the subitizing and counting ranges because an examination of reaction time gradients in Experiment 2 found the counting gradient to be significantly steeper than the subitizing gradient. In sum, the results suggest that subitizing is a distinct but non-automatic style of enumeration.
机译：传统上，将subitizing描述为最多四个项目的快速，专注和自动枚举。相比之下，计数描述的是较大项目集的枚举，并且需要较慢的系列注意力转移。尽管最近的研究质疑了贴合的先天性，但是是否可以自动获得贴合范围内的数字尚待经验验证。在当前的研究中，参与者在圆形视觉搜索数组中搜索了两个预定义的数字。将各种设定大小的干扰点放置在阵列的中心。尽管干扰因素的数量与目标检测任务相关，但干扰因素并未影响目标检测，因此表明实验1中不会自动获取干扰因素。在实验2中，明确指示参与者枚举干扰点。在这里，一致和不一致的干扰物数量影响目标检测任务，从而表明干扰物点能够产生干扰。实验3通过要求参与者检测点的亮度来确保点的参与。数据证实，分仓不是自动的。本研究也支持所谓的加标范围和计数范围之间的不连续性，因为在实验2中对反应时间梯度的检查发现，计数梯度比加标梯度要陡得多。总而言之，结果表明subitize是一种独特但非自动的枚举样式。

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