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Estimation of the Fracture Aperture and Shape Created by Massive Hydraulic Fracturing Test

机译：大规模水力压裂试验产生的断裂孔径和形状的估算

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摘要

A hydraulic fracturing test was conducted in 1992 at the Hijiori hot dry rock test site. In this test, water was injected into injection well HDR-l. The depth of the injection well was about 2,200 m, and the maximum temperature of the well was about 270 deg C. The main fracture, which was extended along natural joints, was initiated from the bottom hole and a radius of the fracture was estimated to be about 500 m from the acoustic emission observation. In this paper, the radius of the fracture, and the pressure, permeability and aperture distribution within the fracture was estimated by numerical simulation. The FEHM (Finite Element Heat and Mass transfer) code was used to estimate the radius of the growing fracture and a pressure distribution within the fracture. The Gangi bed-of-nails model was used to relate the fracture aperture to the fluid pressure. The permeability of the fracture was then calculated from the fracture aperture using Lomize's friction factor. A pressure history match between measured and calculated value was obtained. The simulation result shows that the radius of the fracture at the end of the experiment was about 500 m, which agrees well with observations. The estimated apertures of the fracture at the vicinity of the well were 1.4 mm and 2.6 mm when the injection water rates were kept constant at 6 kg/s and 20 kg/s, respectively. In this simulation, three fitting parameters were used to match the pressure history. The sensitivities of three parameters on the simulation results were also examined.
机译：1992年在Hijiori热干岩石试验场进行了水力压裂试验。在该测试中，将水注入到注入井HDR-1中。注入井的深度约为2200 m，井的最高温度约为270℃。沿着自然缝延伸的主要裂缝是从井底开始的，裂缝的半径估计为距声发射观测约500 m。本文通过数值模拟来估算裂缝的半径以及裂缝内的压力，渗透率和孔隙分布。 FEHM（有限元传热和传质）代码用于估计正在生长的裂缝的半径和裂缝内的压力分布。用恒河指甲床模型将裂缝孔径与流体压力联系起来。然后使用Lomize的摩擦系数从裂缝孔计算出裂缝的渗透率。获得了测量值和计算值之间的压力历史匹配。仿真结果表明，实验结束时的断裂半径约为500 m，与观测值吻合良好。当注入水速率分别保持恒定在6 kg / s和20 kg / s时，井附近裂缝的估计孔径分别为1.4 mm和2.6 mm。在此模拟中，使用了三个拟合参数来匹配压力历史记录。还研究了三个参数对仿真结果的敏感性。

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