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On the tetraploid origin of the maize genome

机译:关于玉米基因组的四倍体起源

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Data from cytological and genetic mapping studies suggest that maize arose as a tetraploid. Two previous studies investigating the most likely mode of maize origin arrived at different conclusions. Gaut and Doebley[7] proposed a segmental allotetraploid origin of the maize genome and estimated that the two maize progenitors diverged at 20.5 million years ago (mya). In a similar study, using larger data set, Brendel and colleagues (quoted in[8]) suggested a single genome duplication at 16 mya. One of the key components of such analyses is to examine sequence divergence among strictly orthologous genes. In order to identify such genes, Lai and colleagues[10] sequenced five duplicated chromosomal regions from the maize genome and the orthologous counterparts from the sorghum genome. They also identified the orthologous regions in rice. Using positional information of genetic components, they identified 11 orthologous genes across the two duplicated regions of maize, and the sorghum and rice regions. Swigonova et al.[12] analyzed the 11 orthologues, and showed that all five maize chromosomal regions duplicated at the same time, supporting a tetraploid origin of maize, and that the two maize progenitors diverged from each other at about the same time as each of them diverged from sorghum, about 11.9 mya.
机译:细胞学和遗传作图研究的数据表明,玉米是四倍体。先前的两项研究最可能的玉米起源方式的研究得出了不同的结论。 Gaut和Doebley [7]提出了玉米基因组的分段异源四倍体起源,并估计这两个玉米祖先在2050万年前发生了分化(mya)。在一项类似的研究中,使用更大的数据集,Brendel及其同事(引用于[8])建议在16 mya处进行单基因组重复。此类分析的关键组成部分之一是检查严格直系同源基因之间的序列差异。为了鉴定这些基因,Lai及其同事[10]对玉米基因组的五个重复染色体区域和高粱基因组的直系同源序列进行了测序。他们还确定了水稻的直系同源区域。他们利用遗传成分的位置信息,在玉米的两个重复区域以及高粱和水稻区域中鉴定了11个直系同源基因。 Swigonova等人[12]分析了11个直向同源物,发现所有五个玉米染色体区域都同时重复,支持玉米的四倍体起源,并且两个玉米祖细胞在每个时候都与高粱分叉的时间大约彼此分开。 11.9玛雅。

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