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Animal Models of Sleep Disorders

机译：睡眠障碍的动物模型

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Problems with sleep affect a large part of the general population, with more than half of all people in the United States reporting difficulties with sleep or insufficient sleep at various times and about 40 million affected chronically. Sleep is a complex physiologic process that is influenced by many internal and environmental factors, and problems with sleep are often related to specific personal circumstances or are based on subjective reports from the affected person. Although human subjects are used widely in the study of sleep and sleep disorders, the study of animals has been invaluable in developing our understanding about the physiology of sleep and the underlying mechanisms of sleep disorders. Historically, the use of animals for the study of sleep disorders has arguably been most fruitful for the condition of narcolepsy, in which studies of dogs and mice revealed previously unsuspected mechanisms for this condition. The current overview considers animal models that have been used to study 4 of the most common human sleep disorders-insomnia, narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome, and sleep apnea-and summarizes considerations relevant to the use of animals for the study of sleep and sleep disorders. Animal-based research has been vital to the elucidation of mechanisms that underlie sleep, its regulation, and its disorders and undoubtedly will remain crucial for discovering and validating sleep mechanisms and testing interventions for sleep disorders.
机译：睡眠问题影响了大部分人口，美国一半以上的人在不同时间报告睡眠困难或睡眠不足，约有4000万人受到长期影响。睡眠是一个复杂的生理过程，受许多内部和环境因素的影响，并且睡眠问题通常与特定的个人情况有关，或者基于受影响人的主观报告。尽管人类受试者被广泛用于睡眠和睡眠障碍的研究，但是对动物的研究对于增进我们对睡眠生理学和睡眠障碍潜在机制的理解是非常宝贵的。从历史上看，将动物用于睡眠障碍的研究对于发作性睡病的病情最有说服力，其中对狗和小鼠的研究揭示了此前对于这种病的怀疑机制。当前概述考虑了已用于研究4种最常见的人类睡眠障碍的动物模型-失眠，发作性睡病，不安腿综合征和睡眠呼吸暂停-并总结了与使用动物进行睡眠和睡眠障碍研究有关的注意事项。基于动物的研究对于阐明构成睡眠，其调节及其障碍的机制至关重要，并且无疑对于发现和验证睡眠机制以及测试睡眠障碍的干预措施仍然至关重要。

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