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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology >Dexmedetomidine and haemodynamic responses to acute central hypovolaemia in conscious rabbits.
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Dexmedetomidine and haemodynamic responses to acute central hypovolaemia in conscious rabbits.

机译：右美托咪定和清醒家兔对急性中枢性低血容量的血流动力学反应。

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1. Effects of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine on vasoconstrictor and heart rate (HR) responses to acute central hypovolaemia were studied in eight chronically instrumented rabbits. We compared intravenous (i.v.) and fourth ventricular (V4) dexmedetomidine (0.1-10 microg/kg) and the reversal of effects by the alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan and the opioid agonist alfentanil. 2. Gradual inflation of an inferior vena cava (IVC) cuff reduced cardiac index (CI) by 8%/min, with progressive vasoconstriction and increased HR. In control rabbits, at approximately 40% baseline CI, there was sudden decompensation with failure of vasoconstriction and a fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP). 3. Dexmedetomidine (i.v. and V4) reduced resting MAP and HR and caused an earlier decompensation during central hypovolaemia. Intravenous dexmedetomidine (3 and 10 microg/kg) also reduced the slope of the initial vasoconstrictor response and the maximum HR. 4. The effects of dexmedetomidine were reversed by the antagonist idazoxan, which prevented the decompensation phase. Intravenous alfentanil was also effective in restoring the vasoconstrictor response and delaying decompensation with hypovolaemia after dexmedetomidine. Combining dexmedetomidine with an opioid, such as alfentanil, may provide the benefit of reduced sympathetic tone without increased risk of cardiovascular collapse.
机译：1.在八只长期使用仪器的兔子中研究了α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂右美托咪定对急性中枢性低血容量的血管收缩和心率（HR）反应的影响。我们比较了静脉注射（i.v.）和第四脑室（V4）右美托咪定（0.1-10 microg / kg）和α2-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂伊达唑烷和阿片类激动剂阿芬太尼的作用逆转。 2.下腔静脉（IVC）袖带逐渐充气会使心脏指数（CI）降低8％/ min，并伴有进行性血管收缩和HR升高。在对照组兔子中，基线CI约为40％时，突然出现代偿失调，伴有血管收缩功能衰竭和平均动脉压（MAP）下降。 3.右美托咪定（i.v.和V4）可降低静息MAP和HR，并在中枢性低血容量症期间引起较早的代偿失调。静脉注射右美托咪定（3和10微克/千克）也降低了初始血管收缩反应的斜率和最大HR。 4.右旋美托咪啶的作用被拮抗药伊达唑烷逆转，从而阻止了代偿期。右芬美托咪定后静脉注射阿芬太尼还可以有效恢复血管收缩反应并延迟低血容量引起的代偿失调。右美托咪定与阿片类药物（如阿芬太尼）联合使用可降低交感神经张力，而不会增加心血管衰竭的风险。

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