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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology >Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and cardiovascular regulation.
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Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and cardiovascular regulation.

机译：下丘脑室旁核和心血管调节。

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1. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important integrative site within the brain composed of magnocellular and parvocellular neurons. It is known to influence sympathetic nerve activity. 2. The parvocellular PVN contains neurons that project to the intermediolateral cell column of the thoraco-lumbar spinal cord (IML). This defines the PVN as an autonomic 'premotor nucleus', one of only five present within the brain. 3. Another projection arising from the PVN is a prominent innervation of the pressor region of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), also a premotor nucleus. The distribution of the PVN neurons projecting to the RVLM is similar to that of the PVN neurons that project to the IML. 4. It has been found that up to 30% of spinally projecting neurons in the PVN also send collaterals to the RVLM. Thus, there are neurons in the PVN that can: (i) directly influence sympathetic nerve activity (via PVN-IML connections); (ii) indirectly influence sympathetic nerve activity (via PVN-RVLM connections); and (iii) both directly and indirectly influence sympathetic nerve activity (via neurons with collaterals to the IML and RVLM). 5. In the rat, results of studies using the protein Fos to identify activated neurons in the brain suggest that neurons in the PVN with projections to the IML or RVLM may be activated by decreases in blood volume. 6. In conclusion, the PVN can influence sympathetic nerve activity. Within the PVN are neurons with anatomical connections that enable them to affect sympathetic nerve activity either directly, indirectly or via both mechanisms (via collaterals). Studies that have examined the role of specific subgroups within the PVN suggest that PVN neurons with connections to the IML or to the RVLM may play a role in the reflex changes in sympathetic nerve activity that are involved in blood volume regulation.
机译：下丘脑室旁核（PVN）是由巨细胞和小细胞神经元组成的大脑中重要的整合部位。已知会影响交感神经活动。 2.小​​细胞PVN包含投射到胸腰段脊髓（IML）的中间外侧细胞列的神经元。这将PVN定义为自主的“运动前核”，是大脑中仅有的五个神经元之一。 3. PVN引起的另一个预测是，前额神经外侧腹髓质（RVLM）的加压区域的显着神经支配，也是运动前核。投射到RVLM的PVN神经元的分布类似于投射到IML的PVN神经元的分布。 4.已经发现，PVN中多达30％的脊突神经元也会向RVLM发送侧支。因此，PVN中存在一些神经元可以：（i）直接影响交感神经活动（通过PVN-IML连接）; （ii）间接影响交感神经活动（通过PVN-RVLM连接）; （iii）直接和间接影响交感神经活动（通过具有IML和RVLM的神经元）。 5.在大鼠中，使用蛋白Fos识别大脑中激活的神经元的研究结果表明，PVN中具有IML或RVLM投影的神经元可能会因血容量减少而被激活。 6.总之，PVN可以影响交感神经活动。 PVN内的神经元具有解剖学联系，使它们能够直接，间接或通过两种机制（通过侧支）影响交感神经活动。审查了PVN中特定亚组作用的研究表明，与IML或RVLM连接的PVN神经元可能在参与调节血容量的交感神经活动的反射变化中起作用。

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