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Genetics, an alternative way to discover, characterize and understand ion channels.

机译:遗传学,是发现,表征和理解离子通道的另一种方法。

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摘要

1. The conventional approach to understanding the structure and properties of ion channels has been to use physiological characterization. 2. Purification and molecular cloning of ion channel genes has enabled more detailed structure-function analyses to be undertaken. 3. An alternative approach to the identification of genes of pathophysiological importance has been the use of genetic linkage approaches and positional cloning or positional candidate analysis of ion channel genes. 4. Using genetic approaches, mutations have been described that cause inherited neurological disorders of neurons (e.g. epilepsy, migraine, deafness, ataxia and startle disease), skeletal muscle (myotonia, malignant hyperthermia, periodic paralysis and myasthenia) and cardiac muscle (long QT syndrome and ventricular fibrillation). 5. For each disease, gene structure-function analyses of the mutant alleles have provided further insights into the biology of ion channels. 6. The present brief review examines the methods used in genetic linkage studies and positional cloning of disease genes. Understanding how ion channel gene mutations give rise to dysfunctional channels will be important in defining and treating the episodic and chronic channelopathies.
机译:1.了解离子通道结构和特性的常规方法是使用生理学表征。 2.离子通道基因的纯化和分子克隆使得能够进行更详细的结构功能分析。 3.鉴定具有生理生理重要性的基因的另一种方法是使用遗传连锁方法和离子通道基因的位置克隆或位置候选物分析。 4.使用遗传学方法,已描述了导致遗传性神经元神经疾病(例如癫痫,偏头痛,耳聋,共济失调和惊吓疾病),骨骼肌(肌强直,恶性高热,周期性麻痹和肌无力)和心肌(长QT)的突变。综合征和心室纤颤)。 5.对于每种疾病,突变等位基因的基因结构功能分析为离子通道生物学提供了进一步的见解。 6.本简要审查审查了遗传连锁研究和疾病基因的位置克隆中使用的方法。了解离子通道基因突变如何引起功能障碍通道,对于定义和治疗偶发性和慢性通道病非常重要。

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