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The value of bioenergy in low stabilization scenarios: an assessment using REMIND-MAgPIE

机译:低稳定情景中的生物能源价值:使用REMIND-MAgPIE进行的评估

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This study investigates the use of bioenergy for achieving stringent climate stabilization targets and it analyzes the economic drivers behind the choice of bioenergy technologies. We apply the integrated assessment framework REMIND-MAgPIE to show that bioenergy, particularly if combined with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a crucial mitigation option with high deployment levels and high technology value. If CCS is available, bioenergy is exclusively used with CCS. We find that the ability of bioenergy to provide negative emissions gives rise to a strong nexus between biomass prices and carbon prices. Ambitious climate policy could result in bioenergy prices of 70 $/GJ (or even 430 $/GJ if bioenergy potential is limited to 100 EJ/year), which indicates a strong demand for bioenergy. For low stabilization scenarios with BECCS availability, we find that the carbon value of biomass tends to exceed its pure energy value. Therefore, the driving factor behind investments into bioenergy conversion capacities for electricity and hydrogen production are the revenues generated from negative emissions, rather than from energy production. However, in REMIND modern bioenergy is predominantly used to produce low-carbon fuels, since the transport sector has significantly fewer low-carbon alternatives to biofuels than the power sector. Since negative emissions increase the amount of permissible emissions from fossil fuels, given a climate target, bioenergy acts as a complement to fossils rather than a substitute. This makes the short-term and long-term deployment of fossil fuels dependent on the long-term availability of BECCS.
机译:这项研究调查了使用生物能源来实现严格的气候稳定目标,并分析了选择生物能源技术背后的经济动因。我们应用综合评估框架REMIND-MAgPIE来证明生物能源,尤其是与碳捕获和存储(CCS)结合使用时,是具有高部署水平和高技术价值的关键减排方案。如果可以使用CCS,则生物能源将专门用于CCS。我们发现,生物能源提供负排放的能力引起了生物质价格和碳价格之间的强烈联系。雄心勃勃的气候政策可能会导致生物能源价格达到70美元/ GJ(如果将生物能源的潜力限制在100 EJ /年,甚至会达到430美元/ GJ),这表明对生物能源的需求强劲。对于具有BECCS可用性的低稳定情景,我们发现生物质的碳值往往超过其纯能源值。因此,电力和氢气生产的生物能源转化能力投资背后的驱动因素是负排放而不是能源生产所产生的收入。但是,在REMIND中,现代生物能源主要用于生产低碳燃料,因为运输部门的低碳替代生物燃料比电力部门少得多。由于负排放增加了给定气候目标的化石燃料可允许的排放量,因此生物能源是化石的补充而不是替代。这使得化石燃料的短期和长期部署取决于BECCS的长期可用性。

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