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Assessment of urban effect on observed warming trends during 1955-2012 over China: a case of 45 cities

机译：1955-2012年中国城市对观测到的变暖趋势的影响评估：以45个城市为例

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摘要

This study aims at qualifying the contribution of the urban effect to the total warming recorded by 45 urban or suburban stations in China where rapid and extensive urbanization over the last few decades occurred. Partly due to differences in urbanization and stations' geographic location, the total warming trends for 1955-2012 vary from of -0.10 to 0.49 A degrees C and -0.03 to 0.64 A degrees C per decade for the annual averaged daily mean and daily minimum temperature, respectively. A principal component analysis of seven factors on the siting and geographical coordinates of the meteorological stations shows three dominant factors (urban size, relative position of meteorological station to city center and geographic location of station) accounting for 87.1 % of the total explained variance. An index quantifying the impact of the first two dominating factors of the urban effect is proposed considering also the dominating wind direction. The positive correlation between the temperature trends and the index is significant (P 0.05), indicating that urbanization has significantly influenced the warming trends at these stations. The average contribution of the urbanization for all the stations to the total mean temperature trend is estimated to be 19 %.
机译：这项研究旨在验证城市效应对中国45个城市或郊区站点记录的总变暖的贡献，在过去的几十年中，这些站点发生了迅速而广泛的城市化。部分由于城市化和气象站地理位置的差异，对于每年平均每日平均温度和每日最低温度，1955-2012年的总变暖趋势每十年为-0.10至0.49 A摄氏度和-0.03至0.64 A摄氏度， 分别。对气象站选址和地理坐标上的七个因素进行主成分分析后，得出三个主要因素（城市规模，气象站与市中心的相对位置以及气象站的地理位置）占解释的总方差的87.1％。提出了同时考虑主导风向的量化城市效应的前两个主导因素的影响的指标。温度趋势与该指数之间呈正相关（P <0.05），表明城市化已显着影响这些站点的变暖趋势。所有站点的城市化对总平均温度趋势的平均贡献估计为19％。

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