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Numerical computation of p-values with myFitter

机译:使用myFitter进行p值的数值计算

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摘要

Likelihood ratio tests are a widely used method in global analyses in particle physics. The computation of the statistical significance (p-value) of these tests is usually done with a simple formula that relies on Wilks' theorem. There are, however, many realistic situations where Wilks' theorem does not apply. In particular, no simple formula exists for the comparison of models that are not nested, in the sense that one model can be obtained from the other by fixing some of its parameters. In this paper I present methods for efficient numerical computations of p-values, which work for both nested and non-nested models and do not rely on additional approximations. These methods have been implemented in a publicly available C++ framework for maximum likelihood fits called myFitter and have recently been applied in a global analysis of the Standard Model with a fourth generation of fermions.
机译:似然比测试是粒子物理全局分析中广泛使用的方法。这些检验的统计显着性(p值)的计算通常使用依赖于Wilks定理的简单公式完成。但是,在许多现实情况下,威尔克斯定理不适用。特别地,就没有一个简单的公式可用于比较未嵌套的模型而言,从某种意义上说,可以通过固定其某些参数从另一个模型中获取一个模型。在本文中,我提出了用于p值的高效数值计算的方法,该方法适用于嵌套和非嵌套模型,并且不依赖于其他近似值。这些方法已经在称为myFitter的可公开获得的C ++框架中实现,并且最近被用于第四代费米子的标准模型的全局分析中。

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