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Epstein-Barr Virus in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

机译:爱泼斯坦巴尔病毒在系统性自身免疫性疾病中的作用

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Systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are a group of connective tissue diseases with diverse, yet overlapping, symptoms and autoantibody development. The etiology behind SADs is not fully elucidated, but a number of genetic and environmental factors are known to influence the incidence of SADs. Recent findings link dysregulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with SAD development. EBV causes a persistent infection with a tight latency programme in memory B-cells, which enables evasion of the immune defence. A number of immune escape mechanisms and immune-modulating proteins have been described for EBV. These immune modulating functions make EBV a good candidate for initiation of autoimmune diseases and exacerbation of disease progression. This review focuses on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjogrens syndrome (SS) and sum up the existing data linking EBV with these diseases including elevated titres of EBV antibodies, reduced T-cell defence against EBV, and elevated EBV viral load. Together, these data suggest that uncontrolled EBV infection can develop diverse autoreactivities in genetic susceptible individuals with different manifestations depending on the genetic background and the site of reactivation.
机译:全身性自身免疫性疾病(SAD)是一组结缔组织疾病,其症状和自身抗体发育多种多样但重叠。 SAD的病因尚未完全阐明,但是已知许多遗传和环境因素会影响SAD的发生。最近的发现将爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV)的失调与SAD的发展联系起来。 EBV导致持久性感染,其记忆B细胞中的潜伏期很短,从而可以逃避免疫防御。对于EBV,已经描述了许多免疫逃逸机制和免疫调节蛋白。这些免疫调节功能使EBV成为引发自身免疫性疾病和加剧疾病进展的良好候选者。这篇综述主要针对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE),类风湿性关节炎(RA)和Sjogrens综合征(SS),并总结了将EBV与这些疾病相关的现有数据,包括EBV抗体滴度升高,针对EBV的T细胞防御能力降低以及EBV病毒载量升高。总之,这些数据表明,不受控制的EBV感染可根据遗传背景和再激活部位,在具有不同表现形式的易感基因个体中发展出多种自身反应性。

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