Heat loss from the molten steel surface in the mold to atmosphere through SEN and mold powder affects the steel quality and operating efficiency in continuous casting. Low thermal conductivity AG material, carbon-free inside liner, and fiber-free thermal insulation material can be employed to suppress heat loss through the SEN. This effect is confirmed by low SEN temperature during casting. As for mold powder, powder layer thickness, slag viscosity, grain shape, exothermic and endothermic reaction, and consumption rate affect the thermal insulation property. PRIOS, an ultra-high viscosity mold powder, is especially effective in preventing the heat loss.
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