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Primary prevention of allergy: avoiding risk or providing protection?

机译：过敏的主要预防方法：规避风险或提供保护？

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Primary prevention strategies of allergy so far have been aimed to fight allergy causes, by avoiding risk factors and inhibiting their mechanisms of action. The results of trials testing food or airborne allergen avoidance as a prevention strategy were, however, rather disappointing. A reverse approach for primary prevention of allergies aims to facilitate exposure to protecting factors which promote the induction of immunologic tolerance against innocuous antigens. These factors are associated with farming environment and a 'traditional lifestyle', but identification of these factors is quite difficult. Major candidates include food-borne microbes, helminths or their components, which are able to stimulate mucosal immunity, particularly in the gut. Similarly, new preventive and therapeutic strategies are being tested to induce specific food-allergen oral tolerance through the ingestion of progressively increasing doses of the offending food. This shifting of allergy prevention research from avoidance to tolerance induction will hopefully allow us to reverse the epidemic trend of allergy diseases.
机译：迄今为止，过敏的主要预防策略旨在通过避免危险因素和抑制其作用机理来对抗过敏原因。然而，将食物或空气中的过敏原避免作为预防策略的试验结果令人失望。一级预防过敏的反向方法旨在促进接触保护因子，所述保护因子促进诱导对无毒抗原的免疫耐受。这些因素与耕作环境和“传统生活方式”相关，但要识别这些因素却相当困难。主要候选食品包括能够刺激黏膜免疫力的食源性微生物，蠕虫或其成分，尤其是在肠道中。同样，正在测试新的预防和治疗策略，通过摄入逐渐增加剂量的有害食物来诱导特定的食物过敏原口服耐受性。变态反应预防研究从避免转为诱导耐受的转变有望使我们扭转变态反应疾病的流行趋势。

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